National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website. RIRs may have attachments that are not available online. To obtain a copy of any such attachment, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 June 2026
RWANDA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Geospatial Information Section.
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
11 August 2020
Title:
Rwanda. Civic Freedom Monitor.
Source:
International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
4 June 2026
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
1 October 2025
Accessed Date:
19 June 2026
Title:
Total Forcibly Displaced Populations and UNHCR Locations as of 31 March 2026
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
31 March 2026
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. BTI 2026 Country Report.
Date of Document:
March 2026
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
13 May 2026
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda: Mental Health Provision
Date of Document:
June 2024
Accessed Date:
20 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda. Social Security Around the World: Country Profiles.
Source:
International Social Security Association
Date of Document:
1 July 2024
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
23 February 2021
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Overview, Infrastructural Challenges, Barriers to Access, and Progress for Rwanda's Healthcare System: A Review
Volume:
Volume 12, ID 745
Source:
Integrative Journal of Medical Sciences
Date of Document:
21 February 2025
Author:
Owen Selden et al.
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda : Les expropriations à Kangondo II (Kigali) entre 2017 et 2023
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
9 December 2024
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda : Chronologie du génocide par préfecture
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
7 November 2024
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Visit to Rwanda. Report of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, Olivier De Schutter
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
21 April 2026
Author:
Olivier De Schutter
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
The M23 Offensive: Elusive Peace in the Great Lakes. Africa Report N°320.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
19 December 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda Vital Statistics Report 2025
Source:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
Page Numbers:
12–13; 18–79
Author:
Faustin Nilingiyimana et al.
Editor:
Godfrey Ngoboka et al.
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2025. Key Indicators Report
Source:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
Date of Document:
December 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2024.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 August 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. The State of the World's Human Rights: April 2026.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
April 2026
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Freedom in the World 2025.
Accessed Date:
19 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda. World Report 2026: Events of 2025.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
February 2026
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Concluding observations on the fourth periodic report of Rwanda
Source:
United Nations. Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
Date of Document:
17 March 2025
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Summary of stakeholders' submissions on Rwanda
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
7 November 2025
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda: L'espace démocratique, otage du Front patriotique rwandais (FPR). Violations des droits humains en 2022.
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
July 2022
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Information on ingando camps, including organization, structure, programs and participation; instances of human rights violations in the camps (2010-November 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 November 2014
Accessed Date:
9 October 2015
Title:
Fifth periodic report submitted by Rwanda under article 40 of the Covenant, due in 2019
Date of Document:
31 July 2025
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
UNCT Report – Republic of Rwanda. Fourth Cycle Universal Periodic Review. Report – June 2025
Source:
United Nations Country Team in Rwanda
Date of Document:
June 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
National report submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 5/1 and 16/21: Rwanda
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/1
Date of Document:
12 November 2025
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
“Join Us or Die”: Rwanda's Extraterritorial Repression
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
10 October 2023
Accessed Date:
3 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda: Compilation of information
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
13 November 2025
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda National Congress (RNC) : situation des militants. COI Focus.
Source:
Belgium. Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons.
Date of Document:
20 December 2023
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
22 April 2024
Accessed Date:
19 May 2024
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Ministerial Order N° 007/01 of 23/03/2022 Relating to Rwanda Nationality
Accessed Date:
13 October 2023
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
Title:
Burundi, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Rwanda: Access to Rwandan nationality and dual citizenship with Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Uganda (2019–September 2021)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 September 2021
Accessed Date:
24 September 2021
Title:
Birth and death documents; content, appearance, and security features; requirements and procedures for obtaining them within the country and abroad; samples (2021–October 2023)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 October 2023
Accessed Date:
27 October 2023
Title:
Requirements and procedure for obtaining a birth certificate, including by supplemental judgment; appearance and information provided (2010-November 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
29 November 2017
Accessed Date:
9 November 2018
Title:
Rwanda. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
19 June 2026
Title:
People's Perspectives on ID and Civil Registration in Rwanda : Research Report
Date of Document:
24 March 2021
Author:
Jasper Gosselt et al.
Editor:
Alvin Mutsinzi; CJ Fonzi
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Rwanda. The State of Identification Systems in Africa: Country Briefs.
Accessed Date:
6 November 2017
Title:
ID4D Country Diagnostic: Rwanda
Accessed Date:
5 July 2019
Title:
Whether it is mandatory for the name of a person married to a Rwandan citizen to be published in the official gazette before he or she can obtain a Rwandan passport and a certificate of naturalization (2000-2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 February 2019
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
Organic Law N°002/2021.OL of 16/07/2021 Governing Rwandan Nationality
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Report on Citizenship Law: Rwanda
Code:
RSCAS/GLOBALCIT-CR 2020/10
Source:
European University Institute. Global Citizenship Observatory.
Date of Document:
April 2020
Accessed Date:
11 August 2020
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Rwanda: Repression in the context of elections
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
8 July 2024
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Treatment of persons who opposed the constitutional referendum on the third term of president Kagame, particularly public servants and members of opposition parties (2015-January 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
30 January 2017
Accessed Date:
20 November 2017
Title:
Rwanda : Le Congrès national rwandais (RNC)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
22 August 2022
Accessed Date:
13 October 2023
Title:
The Democratic Green Party of Rwanda (DGPR), including its structure, leaders, objectives and activities, and the documents issued to members; relations between members and the authorities (2013-November 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 November 2017
Accessed Date:
27 November 2017
Title:
AU-COMESA Election Observation Mission to the 2024 General Elections in the Republic of Rwanda. Final Report.
Source:
African Union; Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
Date of Document:
July 2024
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Treatment by authorities of President Kagamé's opponents who supported Diane Rwigara during the August 2017 electoral period (2017-May 2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 May 2019
Accessed Date:
23 July 2019
Title:
The United Democratic Forces-Inkingi (UDF-Inkingi) [Forces démocratiques unifiées, FDU-Inkingi], including structure, leadership, objectives, and activities; requirements and procedures to become a member of the party, including membership cards...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 February 2018
Accessed Date:
19 November 2018
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Rwanda. Senate.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Rwanda: Chamber of Deputies.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
The political party Ishema ry'u Rwanda, including treatment of its members and supporters, as well as political opponents in general, by authorities (2016-March 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 March 2017
Accessed Date:
20 November 2017
Title:
Rwanda : Forces démocratiques unifiées (FDU) Inkingi / Democracy and Liberty for All (DALFA) Umurinzi : situation des militants. COI Focus.
Source:
Belgium. Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons.
Date of Document:
6 August 2024
Accessed Date:
19 June 2025
Title:
Unsurprising victory of the the Rwanda Patriotic Front in recent elections: A political jolt needed to restore democracy
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
24 July 2024
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda : Traitement des membres des Forces Démocratiques Unifiées (FDU) et des personnes refusant le service civique (ingando/urgerero/itorero)
Date of Document:
May 2023
Accessed Date:
17 October 2024
Title:
The Rwandan royal family, including their current presence in Rwanda and abroad; perception and treatment of members of the royal family by society and authorities (2016-September 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 September 2018
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
The People Salvation Movement (PSM) and its founder, Diane Rwigara, including its creation, structure, leadership, objectives, activities and documents provided to members; treatment of members and supporters by the authorities (2017-March 2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 April 2019
Accessed Date:
25 July 2019
Title:
Treatment of people who have opposed the Rwandan government in the past, including their family members (2000–July 2021)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 August 2021
Accessed Date:
17 September 2021
Title:
Rwanda : Le parti Forces démocratiques unifiées (FDU-Inkingi)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
21 April 2022
Accessed Date:
13 October 2023
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Gender-based violence (GBV), including domestic violence; state protection and support services available (2021–October 2023)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 October 2023
Accessed Date:
27 October 2023
Title:
Loi n° 59/2008 du 10/09/2008 portant prévention et répression de la violence basée sur le genre
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Concluding observations on the tenth periodic report of Rwanda
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
6 June 2024
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
VAWG in Rwanda: Evidence Review
Source:
Violence Against Women and Children Helpdesk
Date of Document:
September 2022
Author:
Erika Fraser; Veronica Ahlenback
Accessed Date:
13 October 2023
Title:
Law nº 71/2024 of 26/06/2024 Governing Persons and Family
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2023.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
6 October 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Seventh Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey Report. Gender Thematic Report
Source:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
Editor:
Kalisa Grace Neema
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Assessment of GBV Shelter Services in Rwanda
Date of Document:
July 2024
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
“As Long as We Live on the Streets, They Will Beat Us”. Rwanda's Abusive Detention of Children
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
27 January 2020
Accessed Date:
11 August 2020
Title:
Replies of Rwanda to the list of issues and questions in relation to its tenth periodic report
Date of Document:
6 May 2024
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Country programme document : Rwanda
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
6 December 2024
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda : L'homosexualité. COI Focus.
Source:
Belgium. Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons.
Date of Document:
30 October 2019
Accessed Date:
11 August 2020
Title:
Situation of persons of diverse sexual orientation and gender identity and expression (SOGIE), including their treatment by society and state authorities; state protection and support services (2019–August 2021)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 August 2021
Accessed Date:
17 September 2021
Title:
Rwanda. Our Identities Under Arrest: A global overview on the enforcement of laws criminalizing consensual same-sex sexual acts between adults and diverse gender expressions.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
November 2023
Author:
Kellyn Botha et al.
Editor:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
NGO Joint Parallel Report on the Government of Rwanda's Fifth Report on the Implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Source:
International Human Rights Center; Safe Friendly Society
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda: Round Ups-Linked to Commonwealth Meeting
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
27 September 2021
Accessed Date:
27 September 2021
Title:
Examination of LGBT people's lived experiences and public perceptions of sexual and gender minorities in Rwanda
Source:
Health Development Initiative; African Population and Health Research Center
Date of Document:
May 2022
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Rwanda: Tier 2 Watch List. Trafficking in Persons Report 2025.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 September 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Rwanda.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
11 April 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Civil Society Report on the Implementation of Chapter II (Prevention) & Chapter V (Asset Recovery) of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in Rwanda
Author:
Transparency International Rwanda
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Global Organized Crime Index 2025.
Source:
Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime
Date of Document:
November 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Accessed Date:
20 June 2025
Title:
The M23: A Fractious, Entrenched Rebellion
Source:
Center on International Cooperation; Congo Research Group
Date of Document:
April 2026
Editor:
Thibault Chareton; Symphony Chau
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Military service laws, including age and conditions for recruitment; penalties for failure to report to duty and desertion; availability of rights for conscientious objection; military recruitment programs (2013-November 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 December 2016
Accessed Date:
20 November 2017
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Country of origin information report on human rights and the rule of law in Rwanda
Source:
Netherlands. Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Date of Document:
June 2023
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda: Government Repression in Land Cases
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
31 March 2017
Accessed Date:
14 November 2017
Title:
“All Thieves Must Be Killed”: Extrajudicial Executions in Western Rwanda
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
13 July 2017
Accessed Date:
14 November 2017
Title:
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-ninth session, 18–27 March 2024
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
26 June 2024
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Burundi and Rwanda: Correction to ZZZ104930.E of 30 July 2014 on state protection offered by the Burundi government to individuals persecuted by Rwandan authorities, and who have citizenship in both countries; whether the Burundi government ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 August 2014
Accessed Date:
27 October 2014
Title:
Summonses and warrants issued by the Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) and Rwanda National Police (RNP), including appearance, content and security features; issuance process for these documents; samples (2023-May 2025)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 May 2025
Accessed Date:
24 June 2025
Title:
“They Threw Me in the Water and Beat Me”: The Need for Accountability for Torture in Rwanda
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
15 October 2024
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda's Legal System and Legal Materials
Date of Document:
April 2025
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda: Activities of Burundian militias in Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania and Uganda, including relationship with Burundian refugees (2015-February 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 March 2017
Accessed Date:
30 March 2017
Title:
Rwanda. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Johannesburg. Faculty of Law.
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Freedom on the Net 2025.
Editor:
Shannon O'Toole; Tyler Roylance
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda: Wave of Free Speech Prosecutions
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
16 March 2022
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
Title:
How does Rwanda's genocide ideology law regulate speech online?
Date of Document:
20 July 2020
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Rwanda. World Press Freedom Index 2026.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Londa Digital Rights and Inclusion in Africa Report 2025.
Source:
Paradigm Initiative
Date of Document:
April 2026
Editor:
Gbenga Sesan et al.
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. International Religious Freedom Report for 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
26 June 2024
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Treatment by authorities of people of mixed nationalities, particularly if the father is Congolese and the mother is Rwandan; society's attitude towards people of mixed origins (2012-March 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 April 2013
Accessed Date:
27 October 2014
Title:
Combined twenty-first to twenty-fourth reports submitted by Rwanda under article 9 of the Convention, due in 2020
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
12 March 2026
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Batwa in Rwanda: Submission of Information to the Human Rights Committee
Source:
Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organization
Date of Document:
April 2025
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda: World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
October 2020
Accessed Date:
26 October 2023
Title:
Rwanda. The Indigenous World 2026.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
April 2026
Author:
Agnes Kabajuni; Richard Ntakirutimana
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
Relations between Hutus and Tutsis (2019–July 2021)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
31 August 2021
Accessed Date:
17 September 2021
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Democratic Republic of the Congo/Burundi/Rwanda: Travel between these countries, including whether a passport is required to travel between them, and other documents used for travel
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 March 2012
Accessed Date:
12 December 2012
Title:
COI Query Response. Rwanda: Inhuman or degrading treatment against returnees, Information on documented cases of individuals previously reported by the police in Rwanda who, after escaping from the country, suffered inhuman or degrading treatment or violations of human rights upon their return.
Source:
European Union. European Asylum Support Office.
Date of Document:
10 December 2018
Accessed Date:
8 July 2019
Title:
COI Query Response. Rwanda: Is there information
on documented cases of persons convicted of genocide in European countries, who
have returned to Rwanda after serving their sentence…
Source:
European Union. European Asylum Support Office.
Date of Document:
21 February 2020
Accessed Date:
11 August 2020
Title:
Access and barriers to connectivity and digital work for refugees and host communities in Rwanda
Source:
Connectivity for Refugees; Inclusive Digital Economy Alliance
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda : Le traitement réservé par les autorités nationales à leurs ressortissants de retour dans le pays. COI Focus.
Source:
Belgium. Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons.
Date of Document:
26 March 2021
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Rwanda: COI Compilation. Asylum system.
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Law N° 042/2024 of 19/04/2024 Governing Refugees and Applicants for Refugee Status in Rwanda
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
Sustainable livelihoods of refugees in Rwanda: Results from a survey and self-reliance measure
Date of Document:
21 July 2025
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
DR Congo: M23 Armed Group Forcibly Transferring Civilians
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
18 June 2025
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 30 June 2025:
Title:
Rwanda. Civic Freedom Monitor.
Source:
International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
12 November 2024
URL:
https://www.icnl.org/resources/civic-freedom-monitor/rwanda
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
18 June 2025
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/rwanda/
Accessed Date:
24 June 2025
Title:
Total Forcibly Displaced Populations and UNHCR Locations as of 31 May 2024
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
31 May 2024
URL:
https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/109371
Accessed Date:
18 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda. BTI 2024 Country Report.
Date of Document:
March 2024
URL:
https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report/RWA
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
3 January 2022
URL:
https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/rwanda/presentation-du-rwanda/
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
Title:
Rwanda. The State of the World's Human Rights: April 2025.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
April 2025
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POL1085152025ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda. World Report 2025: Events of 2024.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2025
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2025/country-chapters/rwanda
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Rwanda.html
Accessed Date:
24 June 2025
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Rwanda. Senate.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
URL:
https://data.ipu.org/node/142/basic-information?chamber_id=13514
Accessed Date:
24 October 2024
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Rwanda: Chamber of Deputies.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
URL:
https://data.ipu.org/node/142/basic-information?chamber_id=13513
Accessed Date:
24 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda: Tier 2 Watch List. Trafficking in Persons Report 2024.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
24 June 2024
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2024-trafficking-in-persons-report/rwanda/
Accessed Date:
24 October 2024
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Rwanda.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
11 April 2025
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/15058502-b7f8-4a27-bb1c-1c9286d10fc6
Accessed Date:
19 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda. Global Organized Crime Index 2023.
Source:
Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime
URL:
https://ocindex.net/country/rwanda
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda's Legal System and Legal Materials
URL:
https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Rwanda1.html
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda. Freedom on the Net 2024.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/rwanda/freedom-net/2024
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda. World Press Freedom Index 2025.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
URL:
https://rsf.org/en/country/rwanda
Accessed Date:
20 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda. Londa Digital Rights and Inclusion in Africa Report 2024.
Source:
Paradigm Initiative
Date of Document:
April 2025
Editor:
Gbenga Sesan et al.
URL:
https://paradigmhq.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Londa-2024-1.pdf
Accessed Date:
23 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda. The Indigenous World 2020.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
April 2020
URL:
http://iwgia.org/images/yearbook/2020/IWGIA_The_Indigenous_World_2020.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 August 2020
Title:
Rwanda. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
21 April 2024
URL:
http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/rwanda.htm
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Country Information Note. Rwanda: Medical and healthcare. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
May 2024
URL:
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2109620/CIN_RWA_Medical.pdf
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Fifth periodic report submitted by Rwanda under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant, due in 2018
Date of Document:
24 June 2022
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/E/C.12/RWA/5
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
Title:
Right to freedom of opinion and expression: Threats to Media posed by unlawful targeted surveillance
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
24 January 2022
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/IOR4051792022ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
15 September 2022
Title:
Concluding observations on the fourth periodic report of Rwanda
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Committee.
Date of Document:
2 May 2016
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CCPR/C/RWA/CO/4
Accessed Date:
24 November 2016
Title:
Concluding observations on the fourth periodic report of Rwanda. Addendum: Information received from Rwanda on follow-up to the concluding observations.
Code:
CCPR/C/RWA/CO/4/Add.1
Date of Document:
23 May 2018
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/CCPR/C/RWA/CO/4/add.1
Accessed Date:
20 August 2020
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Rwanda
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/37/RWA/1
Date of Document:
9 November 2020
URL:
https://www.undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/37/RWA/1
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/37/RWA/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
13 November 2020
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/a/hrc/wg.6/37/rwa/2
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Summary of other stakeholders' submissions on Rwanda
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/37/RWA/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
16 November 2020
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/a/hrc/wg.6/37/rwa/3
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Country Information Note. Rwanda: Human rights. Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
April 2024
URL:
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2109610/CIN_RWA_Human_Rights.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 June 2025
Title:
Replies of Rwanda to the list of issues in relation to its fifth periodic report
Date of Document:
19 December 2024
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/E/C.12/RWA/RQ/5
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Submission to the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI)
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 September 2024
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2024/09/30/submission-global-alliance-national-human-rights-institutions-ganhri
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda. Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Profiles.
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
December 2017
URL:
https://data.unicef.org/crvs/rwanda/
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Republic of Rwanda. Election for President of 15 July 2024.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/4315/
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Timeline: Repression in Post-Genocide Rwanda
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
2 August 2017
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/AFR4768682017ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 November 2017
Title:
Politician Convicted for Harming Rwanda's Image
Source:
Humans Rights Watch
Date of Document:
18 January 2023
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/01/18/politician-convicted-harming-rwandas-image
Accessed Date:
13 October 2023
Title:
Rwanda : L'espace démocratique, otage du Front patriotique rwandais (FPR) : Violations des droits humains en 2022
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
July 2022
URL:
https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/rwanda797fweb_vf.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda: Law No. 32/2016 of 28/08/2016 Governing Persons and Family
URL:
https://www.refworld.org/legal/legislation/natlegbod/2016/en/123716
Accessed Date:
8 July 2019
Title:
Law N° 001/2020 of 02/02/2020 Amending Law N° 32/2016 of 28/08/2016 Governing Persons And Family
Date of Document:
17 February 2020
URL:
https://citizenshiprightsafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Rwanda-Law-No-001-2020-amending-Law-no-32-2016-governing-persons-and-family.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
Title:
Rwanda's Compliance with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women Suggested List of Issues Related to Women's Rights
Source:
The Advocates for Human Rights
URL:
https://www.theadvocatesforhumanrights.org/Res/Rwanda%20CEDAW%20LOI%20VAW%20Final%20draft.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 October 2023
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined fifth and sixth periodic reports of Rwanda
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Rights of the Child.
Date of Document:
28 February 2020
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/CRC/C/RWA/CO/5-6
Accessed Date:
20 August 2020
Title:
Tenth periodic report submitted by Rwanda under article 18 of the Convention, due in 2021
Date of Document:
4 October 2021
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CEDAW/C/RWA/10
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
Title:
Health, Nutrition and Early Childhood Development in Rwanda: A situation analysis
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
January 2024
URL:
https://www.unicef.org/rwanda/media/5366/file/UNICEF%20Rwanda.pdf
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Law Nº68/2018 of 30/08/2018 Determining Offences and Penalties in General. (Part One, Title II, Chapter One, Article 11: Punishment of a Rwandan citizen…; Part II, Title One, Chapter II, Section 6: Abortion; Part II, Title One, Chapter V, Section One: Sexual Offences; Part II, Title One, Chapter V, Section 2: Offences against morality.)
Page Numbers:
51; 120–124; 127–137
URL:
https://www.refworld.org/legal/legislation/natlegbod/2018/en/123720
Accessed Date:
19 June 2025
Title:
Safe Abortion Without Referral: Overcoming Unnecessary Barriers to Safe Abortion Services for Members of the Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme
Source:
Health Development Initiative et al.
Date of Document:
25 January 2024
URL:
https://hdirwanda.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Brief-1_Safe-Abortion-No-Transfer-note_Final.pdf
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2019-20 Final report
Source:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda et al.
Date of Document:
September 2021
URL:
https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR370/FR370.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 September 2022
Title:
Determining sexual and reproductive health issues among adolescents and young persons with disabilities in selected districts of Rwanda: A comparative study between adolescents and young persons with and without disabilities
Source:
Health Development Initiative et al.
Date of Document:
December 2023
URL:
https://hdirwanda.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Determining-sexual-and-reproductive-health-issues-among-adolescents_compressed.pdf
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda. Trans Legal Mapping Report 2019: Recognition before the law.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
September 2020
Author:
Zhan Chiam et al.
URL:
https://ilga.org/downloads/ILGA_World_Trans_Legal_Mapping_Report_2019_EN.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 September 2021
Title:
Rwanda: Investigate killings of refugees
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
21 February 2019
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr47/9866/2019/en/
Accessed Date:
11 August 2020
Title:
List of issues in relation to the second periodic report of Rwanda. Addendum: Replies of Rwanda to the list of issues.
Code:
CAT/C/RWA/Q/2/Add.1
Date of Document:
23 November 2017
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CAT/C/RWA/Q/2/Add.1
Accessed Date:
27 November 2017
Title:
Rwanda Fed False Intelligence to U.S. and Interpol As It Pursued Political Dissidents Abroad
Date of Document:
4 November 2022
Author:
Carlos Mureithi; Kira Zalan
URL:
https://www.occrp.org/en/investigations/rwanda-fed-false-intelligence-to-us-and-interpol-as-it-pursued-political-dissidents-abroad
Accessed Date:
17 October 2023
Title:
Concluding observations on the second periodic report of Rwanda
Source:
United Nations. Committee Against Torture.
Date of Document:
21 December 2017
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/CAT/C/RWA/CO/2
Accessed Date:
9 November 2018
Title:
Comité contre la torture, 62ème session – Novembre 2017. Examen du rapport du Rwanda.
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
November 2017
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a140ce74.html
Accessed Date:
27 November 2017
Title:
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-second session, 15–19 November 2021
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
18 March 2022
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WGAD/2021/81
Accessed Date:
23 June 2025
Title:
Concluding observations on the eighteenth to twentieth periodic reports of Rwanda
Code:
CERD/C/RWA/CO/18-20
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
10 June 2016
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CERD/C/RWA/CO/18-20
Accessed Date:
24 November 2016
Title:
Member Profile BATWA
Source:
Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organization
Date of Document:
June 2018
URL:
https://unpo.org/downloads/2434.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 July 2019
Title:
Rwanda. Country Reports. Displaced and Disconnected.
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
April 2019
URL:
https://www.unhcr.org/innovation/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Country-Reports-WEB.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 August 2020
Title:
Country Information Note. Rwanda: Annex 2 (UNHCR evidence). Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
April 2024
URL:
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2109623/RWA+CPIN+UNHCR+evidence.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 October 2024
Title:
Country Information Note. Rwanda: Annex 3 (other material). Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
April 2024
URL:
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2109624/CIN+RWA+Other+material.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 October 2024
Title:
Country Information Note. Rwanda: Annex 1 (Government of Rwanda evidence). Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
May 2024
URL:
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/664b3fc64f29e1d07fadcada/CIN_RWA_Government_of_Rwanda_evidence.pdf
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Country Information Note. Rwanda: Asylum system. Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
April 2024
URL:
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2109093/CIN+RWA+Asylum+system.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda National Congress (RNC) : situation des militants. COI Focus.
Source:
Belgium. Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons.
Date of Document:
20 December 2023
URL:
https://www.cgrs.be/sites/default/files/rapporten/coi_focus_rwanda._rwanda_national_congress_rnc._situation_des_militants_20231220_1.pdf
Accessed Date:
1 October 2024
Title:
Rwanda. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
22 April 2024
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2023-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/rwanda
Accessed Date:
19 May 2024
Title:
Rwanda : Forces démocratiques unifiées (FDU) Inkingi / Democracy and Liberty for All (DALFA) Umurinzi : situation des militants. COI Focus.
Source:
Belgium. Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons.
Date of Document:
6 August 2024
URL:
https://www.cgra.be/sites/default/files/rapporten/coi_focus_rwanda._forces_democratiques_unifiees_fdu_inkingi_democracy_and_liberty_for_all_dalfa_umurinzi._situation_des_militants_20240806.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 June 2025
Title:
Rwanda : Le parti Forces démocratiques unifiées (FDU-Inkingi)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
21 April 2022
URL:
https://ofpra.gouv.fr/libraries/pdf.js/web/viewer.html?file=/sites/default/files/ofpra_flora/2204_rwa_fdu_inkingi_154941_web.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 October 2023
Title:
Country programme document : Rwanda
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
6 December 2024
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/E/ICEF/2025/P/L.2
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Summonses and warrants issued by the Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) and Rwanda National Police (RNP), including appearance, content and security features; issuance process for these documents; samples (2023-May 2025)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 May 2025
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=459035
Accessed Date:
24 June 2025
Title:
“They Threw Me in the Water and Beat Me”: The Need for Accountability for Torture in Rwanda
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
15 October 2024
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/10/15/they-threw-me-water-and-beat-me/need-accountability-torture-rwanda
Accessed Date:
29 May 2025
Title:
Rwanda. Social Security Around the World: Country Profiles.
Source:
International Social Security Association
Date of Document:
1 July 2024
URL:
https://www.issa.int/node/195543?country=956
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Overview, Infrastructural Challenges, Barriers to Access, and Progress for Rwanda's Healthcare System: A Review
Volume:
Volume 12, ID 745
Source:
Integrative Journal of Medical Sciences
Date of Document:
21 February 2025
Author:
Owen Selden et al.
URL:
https://mbmj.org/index.php/ijms/article/download/745/794/3052
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Visit to Rwanda. Report of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, Olivier De Schutter
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
21 April 2026
Author:
Olivier De Schutter
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/A/HRC/62/42/ADD.1
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
The M23 Offensive: Elusive Peace in the Great Lakes. Africa Report N°320.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
19 December 2025
URL:
https://www.crisisgroup.org/sites/default/files/2026-03/320-m23-offensive-great-lakes.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda Vital Statistics Report 2025
Source:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
Page Numbers:
12–13; 18–79
Author:
Faustin Nilingiyimana et al.
Editor:
Godfrey Ngoboka et al.
URL:
https://statistics.gov.rw/sites/default/files/documents/2026-04/Rwanda_Civil_Registration_Vital_Statistics_2025.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2025. Key Indicators Report
Source:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
Date of Document:
December 2025
URL:
https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/PR164/PR164.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2024.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 August 2025
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2024-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/rwanda
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Concluding observations on the fourth periodic report of Rwanda
Source:
United Nations. Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
Date of Document:
17 March 2025
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/E/C.12/RWA/CO/5
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Summary of stakeholders' submissions on Rwanda
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
7 November 2025
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/3
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Fifth periodic report submitted by Rwanda under article 40 of the Covenant, due in 2019
Date of Document:
31 July 2025
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/CCPR/C/RWA/5
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
UNCT Report – Republic of Rwanda. Fourth Cycle Universal Periodic Review. Report – June 2025
Source:
United Nations Country Team in Rwanda
Date of Document:
June 2025
URL:
https://upr-info.org/sites/default/files/country-document/2026-02/UNCT_in_rwanda_UPR51_RWA_E_Main_Rev.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
National report submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 5/1 and 16/21: Rwanda
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/1
Date of Document:
12 November 2025
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/1
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda: Compilation of information
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
13 November 2025
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/51/RWA/2
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
AU-COMESA Election Observation Mission to the 2024 General Elections in the Republic of Rwanda. Final Report.
Source:
African Union; Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
Date of Document:
July 2024
URL:
https://papsrepository.africanunion.org/bitstreams/e0a00c5e-95e4-49cf-bf2f-8500cd091b11/download
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Law nº 71/2024 of 26/06/2024 Governing Persons and Family
URL:
https://www.minijust.gov.rw/index.php?eID=dumpFile&t=f&f=111776&token=56e4f375f954407e4eaab1e8291441f2a71161ee
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2023.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
6 October 2025
URL:
https://webfs.oecd.org/devsigi/SIGI%202023%20Country%20Profiles/Africa/country_profile_RWA_Rwanda.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Seventh Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey Report. Gender Thematic Report
Source:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
Editor:
Kalisa Grace Neema
URL:
https://statistics.gov.rw/sites/default/files/documents/2025-07/EICV7_Gender_Thematic_Report_Report.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Assessment of GBV Shelter Services in Rwanda
Date of Document:
July 2024
URL:
https://haguruka.org.rw/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Assessment-of-GBV-Shelters-Report.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Replies of Rwanda to the list of issues and questions in relation to its tenth periodic report
Date of Document:
6 May 2024
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/CEDAW/C/RWA/RQ/10
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
NGO Joint Parallel Report on the Government of Rwanda's Fifth Report on the Implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Source:
International Human Rights Center; Safe Friendly Society
URL:
https://www.safefriendlysociety.org/pdf/rwanda.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Civil Society Report on the Implementation of Chapter II (Prevention) & Chapter V (Asset Recovery) of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in Rwanda
Author:
Transparency International Rwanda
URL:
https://uncaccoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/Final-%E2%80%93-Rwanda-Civil-Society-Parallel-Report-on-UNCAC-Implementation-%E2%80%93-TI-Rwanda-%E2%80%93-UNCAC-Coalition-%E2%80%93-25-November-2025-1.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
The M23: A Fractious, Entrenched Rebellion
Source:
Center on International Cooperation; Congo Research Group
Date of Document:
April 2026
Editor:
Thibault Chareton; Symphony Chau
URL:
https://cic.nyu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/The-M23-A-Fractious-Entrenched-Rebellion-April-6_2026-.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-ninth session, 18–27 March 2024
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
26 June 2024
URL:
https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session99/a-hrc-wgad-25-2024-rwanda-aev.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Rwanda. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Johannesburg. Faculty of Law.
URL:
https://www.policinglaw.info/country/rwanda
Accessed Date:
10 June 2026
Title:
Combined twenty-first to twenty-fourth reports submitted by Rwanda under article 9 of the Convention, due in 2020
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
12 March 2026
URL:
https://docs.un.org/en/CERD/C/RWA/21-24
Accessed Date:
15 June 2026
Title:
Batwa in Rwanda: Submission of Information to the Human Rights Committee
Source:
Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organization
Date of Document:
April 2025
URL:
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/TreatyBodyExternal/DownloadDraft.aspx?key=Tb2mjA5QQdoNqM2CWr9g1somui3GbEJgOMuSA1jYTdORJvy9NlJiQNtaku4M/cjh
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
Access and barriers to connectivity and digital work for refugees and host communities in Rwanda
Source:
Connectivity for Refugees; Inclusive Digital Economy Alliance
URL:
https://www.unhcr.org/innovation/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Rwanda-Connectivity-and-Digital-Work-Report-2026.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
Law N° 042/2024 of 19/04/2024 Governing Refugees and Applicants for Refugee Status in Rwanda
URL:
https://www.migration.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/pdf_files/law_n___042_2024_of_19_04_2024_governing_refugees_and___applicants_for_refugee_status___in_rwanda.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
Sustainable livelihoods of refugees in Rwanda: Results from a survey and self-reliance measure
Date of Document:
21 July 2025
URL:
https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099061725090019068/pdf/P500793-81536cba-1a43-4c95-8816-e8e26fb56f4f.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
Title:
DR Congo: M23 Armed Group Forcibly Transferring Civilians
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
18 June 2025
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/06/18/dr-congo-m23-armed-group-forcibly-transferring-civilians
Accessed Date:
11 June 2026
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