National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
1 September 2020
KAZAKHSTAN
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Geospatial Information Section.
Date of Document:
January 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Présentation du Kazakhstan
Source:
France. Ministère des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international.
Date of Document:
3 April 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
12 August 2020
Accessed Date:
21 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
29 May 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
BTI 2020 Country Report — Kazakhstan
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
Accessed Date:
20 March 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Human Rights in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Review of 2019.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
16 April 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. World Report 2020: Events of 2019.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Nations in Transit 2020.
Author:
Malika Tukmadiyeva
Accessed Date:
21 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom in the World 2020.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Concluding observations on the second periodic report of Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Economic and Social Council
Date of Document:
29 March 2019
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
In the Name of Unity: Addressing Discrimination and Inequality in Kazakhstan
Source:
Equal Rights Trust
Date of Document:
December 2016
Accessed Date:
25 August 2017
Title:
Kazakhstan. The Danger of Standing up for Justice and Rights in Central Asia.
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
March 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan: “We are like dead souls”: Life without legal capacity in Kazakhstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
12 October 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism on her visit to Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
22 January 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Law on Citizenship (1991, amended 2017)
Accessed Date:
28 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Law on Documents of Identification (2013, amended 2014)
Accessed Date:
25 August 2017
Title:
Obtaining an identity card and passport of Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
5 April 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Republic of Kazakhstan. Election for Mazhilis (Kazakh House of Representatives) of 20 March 2016.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
15 July 2015
Title:
Republic of Kazakhstan. Election for President of 9 June 2019.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
2017 Constitutional Reform in Kazakhstan: increasing democracy without political pluralism?
Date of Document:
28 March 2017
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Source:
European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity
Date of Document:
26 September 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence (2009, amended 2015)
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
Law on State Guarantees of Equal Rights and Equal Opportunities of Men and Women (2009, amended 2013)
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
Kazakhstan: Little Help for Domestic Violence Survivors
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
17 October 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
“On the Margins”: Education for Children with Disabilities in Kazakhstan
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
14 March 2019
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
12 November 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
“That's When I Realized I Was Nobody”: A Climate of Fear for LGBT People in Kazakhstan
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
23 July 2015
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Title:
“Don't Provoke, Don't Challenge”: The Censorship and Self-Censorship of the LGBT Community in Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
December 2015
Accessed Date:
29 August 2016
Title:
Less Equal: LGBTI Human Rights Defenders in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyszstan.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 December 2017
Page Numbers:
18–19, 27–31, 38–41, 43
Accessed Date:
3 August 2018
Title:
Situation des minorités sexuelles et de genre
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
24 November 2017
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Situation of lesbian, bisexual and transgender women in Kazakhstan: Alternative report on implementation of the International Covenant on economic, social and cultural rights
Source:
Kazakhstan Feminist Initiative “Feminita”
Date of Document:
March 2018
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Anti-Corruption Reforms in Kazakhstan. Fourth Round of Monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Accessed Date:
29 August 2018
Title:
Kazakhstan. Country Reports on Terrorism 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
24 June 2020
Accessed Date:
28 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
25 June 2020
Accessed Date:
21 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2020 Crime and Safety Report: Almaty.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
4 March 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2020 Crime and Safety Report: Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana).
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
4 March 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Report on the prevention of Corruption in Kazakhstan (the viewpoint of civil society)
Source:
Civic Foundation Transparency Kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Kazakhstan: Submission to the United Nations Human Rights Committee
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
14 June 2016
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
Dead End Justice: Impunity for Torture in Kazakhstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
3 March 2016
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Title:
Concluding observations on the third periodic report of Kazakhstan. Addendum: Additional information received from Kazakhstan on follow-up to the concluding observations.
Code:
CAT/C/KAZ/CO/3/Add.2
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
18 January 2017
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
UPDATE: Laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan – Web Based Resources
Date of Document:
August 2019
Author:
Oleg Stalbovskiy et al.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
Think Before You Post: Closing Down Social Media Space in Kazakhstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
9 February 2017
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom on the Net 2019.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. International Religious Freedom Report for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 June 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2019
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Religion and the Secular State in Kazakhstan
Source:
Silk Road Studies Program. Central Asia-Caucasus Institute.
Date of Document:
April 2018
Author:
Svante E. Cornell et al.
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
The Fethullah Gülen movement (Hizmet movement), including activities and regions of operation; treatment by society and authorities; state protection (2016-July 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 July 2018
Accessed Date:
20 August 2019
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Kazakhstan: Discriminations et persécutions à l'encontre des citoyens kazakhstanais d'origine ouïghoure depuis l'année 2013
Source:
France. Office français de
protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
17 January 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan: Les mouvements en lien avec les communautés kazakhes de Chine
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
22 May 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 March 2020:
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
January 2004
URL:
http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/kazakhst.pdf#search=kazakhstan20map
Accessed Date:
5 November 2012
Title:
Kazakhstan. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html
Accessed Date:
26 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. Nations in Transit 2018.
Author:
Malika Tukmadiyeva
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/2018/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
22 August 2018
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom in the World 2019.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Kazakhstan.html
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Source:
European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity
Date of Document:
19 June 2018
URL:
http://www.europeanforum.net/uploads/countries/pdf/kazakhstan.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 August 2018
Title:
Kazakhstan. Country Reports on Terrorism 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
19 September 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/country-reports-on-terrorism-2017/#KAZAKHSTAN
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. Country Reports on Terrorism 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
1 November 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Country-Reports-on-Terrorism-2018-FINAL.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 June 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-trafficking-in-persons-report-2/kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Almaty.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
3 June 2019
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/9d3976a5-b63e-498d-9692-15f4aed386a7
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Astana.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
23 May 2019
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/76f85e08-5031-4de4-82a6-15f4aed0d944
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom on the Net 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2018/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. International Religious Freedom Report for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
21 June 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-report-on-international-religious-freedom/kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
URL:
http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/cartes/Kazakhstan/1306084
Accessed Date:
25 August 2016
Title:
Kazakhstan. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/europe-and-central-asia/kazakhstan/report-kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
3 August 2018
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Kazakhstan.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
https://www.bti-project.org/fileadmin/files/BTI/Downloads/Reports/2018/pdf/BTI_2018_Kazakhstan.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 August 2018
Title:
Women in Kazakhstan. Wonder Foundation Insight Report.
Source:
Wonder Foundation; Kazakhstan Foundation for Cultural, Social and Educational Development
URL:
http://wonderfoundation.org.uk/resources/women-kazakhstan-insight-report
Accessed Date:
25 August 2017
Title:
Situation of Russian minorities; state protection and support services
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 August 2012
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454124
Accessed Date:
5 November 2012
Keywords:
institutional efficacy; legislation; minorities
Title:
Kazakhstan. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2016: Events of 2015.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
July 2016
Author:
Katya Quinn-Judge
URL:
http://minorityrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/MRG-SWM-2016.pdf
Accessed Date:
25 August 2016
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; minorities; religion; statistics
Title:
Présentation du Kazakhstan
Source:
France. Ministère des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international.
Date of Document:
3 April 2019
URL:
https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/kazakhstan/presentation-du-kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
29 May 2020
URL:
http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/asie/kazakhstan-1General.htm
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
BTI 2020 Country Report — Kazakhstan
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
https://www.bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report-KAZ.html
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Human Rights in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Review of 2019.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
16 April 2020
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/EUR0113552020ENGLISH.PDF
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism on her visit to Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
22 January 2020
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/43/46/Add.1
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Obtaining an identity card and passport of Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
5 April 2020
URL:
https://egov.kz/cms/en/articles/faqs_passport_id?mobile=no
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan: Little Help for Domestic Violence Survivors
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
17 October 2019
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/10/17/kazakhstan-little-help-domestic-violence-survivors
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
12 November 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/CEDAW/C/KAZ/CO/5
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Situation des minorités sexuelles et de genre
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
24 November 2017
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/1711_kaz_minorites_sexuelles_105698_2.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Situation of lesbian, bisexual and transgender women in Kazakhstan: Alternative report on implementation of the International Covenant on economic, social and cultural rights
Source:
Kazakhstan Feminist Initiative “Feminita”
Date of Document:
March 2018
URL:
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CESCR/Shared%20Documents/KAZ/INT_CESCR_ICO_KAZ_29944_E.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Report on the prevention of Corruption in Kazakhstan (the viewpoint of civil society)
Source:
Civic Foundation Transparency Kazakhstan
URL:
https://knowledgehub.transparency.org/assets/uploads/kproducts/REPORT-ON-THE-PREVENTION-OF-CORRUPTION-IN-KAZAKHSTAN.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
UPDATE: Laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan – Web Based Resources
Date of Document:
August 2019
Author:
Oleg Stalbovskiy et al.
URL:
https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Kazakhstan1.html
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan: Les mouvements en lien avec les communautés kazakhes de Chine
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
22 May 2019
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/1905_groupe_kazakhs_chine.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
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NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
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- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.