National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website. RIRs may have attachments that are not available online. To obtain a copy of any such attachment, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 March 2020
RUSSIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Title:
Russian Federation
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
January 2004
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Title:
Russie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Title:
Russia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
16 March 2020
Accessed Date:
24 March 2020
Title:
EASO Country of Origin Information Report. Russian Federation: State Actors of Protection.
Source:
European Union. European Asylum Support Office.
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
4 January 2018
Title:
Russia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
Accessed Date:
22 March 2020
Title:
Russian Federation. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia. World Report 2020: Events of 2019.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2020
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia. Nations in Transit 2018.
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia. Freedom in the World 2020.
Accessed Date:
26 March 2020
Title:
South Ossetia. Freedom in the World 2019.
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Crimea: Breaking the wall of silence
Source:
Crimean Human Rights House et al.
Date of Document:
November 2018
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to resolution 16/21 of the Human Rights Council
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/RUS/1
Date of Document:
1 March 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Compilation on the Russian Federation
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/RUS/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
19 March 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia: Citizenship, Living Conditions, Protection from Refoulement and Consequences of Leaving for citizens from the Former Soviet Republics in Russia and Hate Crimes and racially motivated attacks against Non-Slav Citizens in Russia.
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
25 January 2018
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Russian Federation
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/RUS/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
9 March 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Situation of human rights in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, Ukraine: Report of the Secretary-General
Source:
United Nations. General Assembly
Date of Document:
2 August 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Crimea. Freedom in the World 2020.
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
ECRI Report on the Russian Federation (fifth monitoring cycle)
Source:
Council of Europe. European Commission against Racism and Intolerance.
Date of Document:
5 March 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Unfair Game: Persecution of Human Rights Defenders in Russia Intensifies
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
17 September 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Federal law on citizenship of the Russian Federation
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Georgia and South Ossetia: Requirements and procedures for a Georgian citizen of Ossetian ethnicity to acquire South Ossetian citizenship (2008-2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 January 2014
Accessed Date:
26 June 2014
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain internal and foreign travel passports; whether biometric passports have been used; if so, information on the biometric passport, including stored biometric data and its appearance; requirements and procedures...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 January 2016
Accessed Date:
27 January 2016
Title:
Availability of fraudulent documents
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 November 2013
Accessed Date:
29 November 2013
Title:
The Transformation of Russian Citizenship Policy in the Context of European or Eurasian Choice: Regional Prospects
Source:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Date of Document:
13 June 2017
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Whether the consent of both parents is required for a child to be listed and/or pictured in one of the parents' international passports; whether the consent of both parents is required for a child to obtain his or her own passport
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 November 2013
Accessed Date:
29 November 2013
Title:
Conditions under which Soviet-born persons who emigrated from the territory of Russia before, during or after 1992 would be permitted to apply for citizenship of the Russian Federation; factors taken into account when processing such an...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 September 2008
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Title:
Russia and Uzbekistan: Whether an individual born in the Soviet Union (Russia) to ethnic Russian parents, who is a citizen of Uzbekistan, is entitled to Russian citizenship (2013-May 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 May 2014
Accessed Date:
29 May 2014
Title:
Whether a database containing residency registration information of Russian citizens exists; how it is accessed and under what circumstances; how it is updated
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 December 2009
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; government corruption; nationality; police corruption; police/security forces
Title:
Russian Federation. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Federal law on introduction of changes into the federal law 'on the citizenship of the Russian Federation'
Accessed Date:
19 November 2013
Title:
Information Letter: New Regulations on Dual Citizenship in Russia
Date of Document:
June 2014
Accessed Date:
27 January 2017
Title:
Russia and Ukraine: Issuance of Russian passports and citizenship rights to Ukraine citizens living in the territories of Crimea and Donbas [Donbass] (2014-February 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 February 2020
Accessed Date:
30 March 2020
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Russian Federation. Election for Gosudarstvennaya Duma (Russian Federal Duma) of 18 September 2016.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
30 December 2016
Title:
International Election Observation Mission: Russian Federation – Presidential Election, 18 March 2018.
Source:
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
6 June 2018
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
Russian Federation, State Duma Elections, 18 September 2016. OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission, Final Report.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
23 December 2016
Accessed Date:
30 January 2017
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Russia.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
The Kremlin's Political Prisoners: Advancing a Political Agenda by Crushing Dissent
Source:
Perseus Strategies; Memorial Human Rights Centre
Date of Document:
May 2019
Author:
Jared Genser et al.
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
“Like Walking a Minefield”: Vicious Crackdown on Critics in Russia's Chechen Republic
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
Accessed Date:
30 December 2016
Title:
Russia: Government vs. Rights Groups
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
18 June 2018
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
Russian Federation. Election for President of 18 March 2018.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Brutal Repression of Protests in Moscow: a complete account of violations
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
September 2019
Author:
Ilya Nuzov; Daria Kovaleva
Accessed Date:
10 March 2020
Title:
Follow-Up Memorandum of the Commissioner for Human Rights on Freedom of Assembly in the Russian Federation
Source:
Council of Europe. Commissioner for Human Rights.
Date of Document:
5 September 2017
Accessed Date:
25 January 2018
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Russian Federation. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
“I Could Kill You and No One Would Stop Me”: Weak State Response to Domestic Violence in Russia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
25 October 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
The Russian Federation. WAVE Country Report 2019: The Situation of Women's Specialist Support Services in Europe.
Source:
Women Against Violence Europe
Date of Document:
December 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia: Decriminalization of Domestic Violence
Source:
United States. The Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Research Center.
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
4 January 2018
Title:
Concluding observations on the report submitted by the Russian Federation under article 12 (1) of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography
Code:
CRC/C/OPSC/RUS/CO/1
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Rights of the Child
Date of Document:
3 July 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Killed by Gossip: “Honor killings” of women in the North Caucasus. Report on the results of a qualitative study in the republics of Dagestan, Ingushetia and Chechnya (Russian Federation).
Source:
Stichting Justice Initiative
Date of Document:
18 December 2018
Author:
Yu. A. Antonova; S.V. Siradzhudinova
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russie / Tchétchénie: « crimes d'honneur »
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
22 March 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Inside the fight over Russia's domestic violence law
Date of Document:
17 February 2020
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Situation and treatment of sexual and gender minorities; legislation, state protection and support services (2017-February 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Accessed Date:
30 March 2020
Title:
Russia. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
February 2019
Accessed Date:
17 March 2020
Title:
Russia: A state-led assault on equality. Challenging hate: Monitoring anti-LGBT “hate speech” and responses to it in Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine.
Date of Document:
February 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
“They Said that I'm Not a Human, That I Am Nothing, That I Should Rather be a Terrorist, Than a Faggot”: LGBT Persecution in the North Caucasus: a Report
Source:
Russian LGBT Network
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
“They Have Long Arms and They Can Find Me”: Anti-Gay Purge by Local Authorities in Russia's Chechen Republic
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
26 May 2017
Author:
Tanya Lokshina; Kyle Knight
Accessed Date:
4 January 2018
Title:
Monitoring of discrimination and violence based on sexual orientation and gender identity in Russia in 2016-2017
Source:
Russian LGBT Network
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Justice or Complicity? LGBT Rights and the Russian Courts
Source:
Equal Rights Trust
Date of Document:
September 2016
Accessed Date:
30 December 2016
Title:
Violation of transgender people's rights in Russia: research results
Source:
Transgender Legal Defense Project
Author:
Diana Yashenkova; Kseniya Kirichenko
Accessed Date:
4 January 2018
Title:
Written submission related to the situation of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons and men who have sex with men in Russia. Submitted for the consideration of the 6th periodic report by the Russian Federation for the 62nd Session of ...
Source:
Moscow LGBT-Initiative 'Stimul' et al.
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
4 January 2018
Title:
Russia. Trans Legal Mapping Report: Recognition Before the Law.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
November 2017
Author:
Zhan Chiam; Sandra Duffy; Matilda González Gil
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Persecution of LGBTI people in the Chechen Republic (Russian Federation)
Source:
Council of Europe. Parliamentary Assembly.
Date of Document:
8 June 2018
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
No Support: Russia's “Gay Propaganda” Law Imperils LGBT Youth
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
11 December 2018
Author:
Michael Garcia Bochenek et al.
Editor:
Tanya Lokshina et al.
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Russia: Tier 3. Trafficking in Persons Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 June 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Xenophobia in Figures: Hate Crime in Russia and Efforts to Counteract It in 2017
Source:
SOVA-Center for Information and Analysis
Date of Document:
12 February 2018
Editor:
Alexander Verkhovsky
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Moscow.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
14 March 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Vladivostok.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
22 March 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Far Right and Arithmetic: Hate Crime in Russia and Efforts to Counteract It in 2018
Source:
SOVA Center for Information and Analysis
Date of Document:
4 February 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Yekaterinburg.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
27 February 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Information on military conscription and exemption from service, including alternative military service for conscientious objectors
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 November 2011
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Title:
Military service, including amendments to military service; whether women are treated differently than men; whether holders of military books are treated differently than conscripted persons; consequences of draft evasion and availability of ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 April 2015
Accessed Date:
27 January 2016
Title:
Crimea: Conscription Violates International Law
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
1 November 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Concluding observations on the sixth periodic report of the Russian Federation
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
28 August 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 19 of the Convention. Sixth periodic reports of States parties due in 2016. Russian Federation.
Date of Document:
27 December 2016
Accessed Date:
16 January 2018
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Independence of Judges and Lawyers, Gabriela Knaul. Addendum: Mission to the Russian Federation.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
30 April 2014
Accessed Date:
17 December 2014
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Standardized police reporting forms, including appearance; whether police are required to submit a written response to a complainant regardless of whether they pursue an investigation, appearance and content of the written response; police...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 October 2015
Accessed Date:
27 January 2016
Title:
Russia. Freedom of the Press 2017.
Accessed Date:
10 January 2018
Title:
Russia. Freedom on the Net 2019.
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Online and On All Fronts: Russia's Assault on Freedom of Expression
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
18 July 2017
Editor:
Tanya Lokshina; Rachel Denber
Accessed Date:
25 January 2018
Title:
Taking Control? Internet Censorship and Surveillance in Russia.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Date of Document:
27 November 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
21 June 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom 2019 Annual Report.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Freedom of Conscience in Russia: Restrictions and Challenges in 2018
Source:
SOVA Center for Information and Analysis
Date of Document:
17 April 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Treatment of members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church (2011- November 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 November 2014
Accessed Date:
27 January 2016
Title:
Russia: Sweeping Arrests of Jehovah's Witnesses
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
28 June 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Religion and Violence in Russia: Context, Manifestations, and Policy
Source:
Centre for Strategic and International Studies
Date of Document:
June 2018
Author:
Olga Oliker et al.
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia: Religious Freedom Issues. Statement by the European Association of Jehovah's Witnesses.
Source:
European Association of Jehovah's Witnesses
Date of Document:
19 September 2019
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Fédération de Russie : Situation des Témoins de Jéhovah de février à juin 2018
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
2 July 2018
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Racism, Discrimination and Fight Against “Extremism” in Contemporary Russia and its controlled territories
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights et al.
Date of Document:
18 July 2017
Accessed Date:
5 January 2018
Title:
The treatment of people of mixed race and of people of African descent by society and the authorities; state protection provided to people of mixed race and to people of African descent who have been victims of violence and...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 March 2015
Accessed Date:
14 January 2016
Title:
Fourth Report submitted by the Russian Federation pursuant to Article 25, paragraph 2 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Code:
ACFC/SR/IV(2016)006
Date of Document:
20 December 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2018
Title:
EASO Country of Origin Information Report: Russian Federation. The Situation for Chechens in Russia.
Source:
European Union. European Asylum Support Office.
Date of Document:
August 2018
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
OSCE Rapporteur's Report under the Moscow Mechanism on alleged Human Rights Violations and Impunity in the Chechen Republic of the Russian Federation
Code:
ODIHR.GAL/76/18/Corr.1
Source:
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
21 December 2018
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the twenty-third and twenty-fourth periodic reports of the Russian Federation
Code:
CERD/C/RUS/CO/23-24
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
20 September 2017
Accessed Date:
5 January 2018
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 9 of the Convention. Twenty-third to twenty-fourth periodic reports of States parties due in 2016. Russian Federation.
Date of Document:
1 July 2016
Accessed Date:
30 January 2017
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Tchétchénie: activités politiques en exil, dangers liés au renvoi
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
4 April 2017
Accessed Date:
5 January 2018
Title:
Residence registration system, including legal requirements to change residence registration when moving from a residence with multiple co-registrants and whether consent from co-registrants is needed (2014-February 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
27 February 2015
Accessed Date:
27 January 2016
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 29 March 2019:
Title:
Russia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
22 January 2019
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
Russia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 March 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/russia/
Accessed Date:
13 March 2019
Title:
Russia. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/russia
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
Russia. Freedom in the World 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2018/russia
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
South Ossetia. Freedom in the World 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2018/south-ossetia
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Situation of human rights in the temporarily occupied Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine)
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
25 September 2017
URL:
http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Countries/UA/Crimea2014_2017_EN.pdf
Accessed Date:
25 January 2018
Title:
Crimea. Freedom in the World 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2018/crimea
Accessed Date:
25 January 2019
Title:
Russian Federation. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/RussianFederation.html
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia. WAVE Country Report 2017: The Situation of Women's Specialist Support Services in Europe.
Source:
Women Against Violence Europe
Date of Document:
March 2018
URL:
https://wave-network.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/WAVE_CR_2017_180702_web.pdf
Accessed Date:
29 January 2019
Title:
Situation and treatment of sexual minorities; legislation, state protection and support services
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 November 2013
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454906&pls=1
Accessed Date:
29 November 2013
Title:
Russia. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
May 2018
URL:
https://www.ilga-europe.org/sites/default/files/2018/full_annual_review.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia: Tier 3. Trafficking in Persons Report 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/282798.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia 2018 Crime and Safety Report: Moscow
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
12 February 2018
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=23502
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia. Freedom on the Net 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2018/russia
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 May 2018
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2017&dlid=280952
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Russia. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2018.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2018
URL:
https://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2018USCIRFAR.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
International Crimes in Crimea: An Assessment of Two and a Half Years of Russian Occupation
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights et al.
Date of Document:
27 September 2016
URL:
http://iphronline.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Crimea-report-Sept-2016.pdf
Accessed Date:
27 January 2017
Title:
Federal Law No. 62-FZ on Russian Federation Citizenship
URL:
http://visalink-russia.com/russian-federation-federal-law-citizenship.html
Accessed Date:
3 December 2012
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; police/security forces
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a temporary residence permit, a permanent residence permit, and citizenship through marriage
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 November 2011
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453660
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; legislation; marriage
Title:
Civic Freedom Monitor: Russia
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
10 November 2018
URL:
http://www.icnl.org/research/monitor/russia.html
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Crimea in the Dark: The Silencing of Dissent
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
15 December 2016
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur50/5330/2016/en/
Accessed Date:
30 January 2017
Title:
Russia 2018 Crime and Safety Report: St. Petersburg
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
26 January 2018
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=23207
Accessed Date:
8 January 2019
Title:
Overview of the Package of Changes into a Number of Laws of the Russian Federation Designed to Provide for Additional Measures to Counteract Terrorism
Source:
International Centre for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
21 July 2016
URL:
http://www.icnl.org/research/library/files/Russia/Yarovaya.pdf
Accessed Date:
30 January 2017
Title:
Measures implemented to fight police corruption, including the procedure for filing a complaint against the police; the witness protection program
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
8 November 2011
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453677
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Keywords:
abduction; corruption; crime; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legislation; police corruption; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; torture; witness protection
Title:
Procedures for obtaining police reports and medical reports; whether these can be obtained by a third party acting on behalf of a Russian citizen who is outside the country
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 December 2009
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=452685
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Keywords:
medical records; police report
Title:
Whether hospitals are obliged to notify police if someone is treated as the result of an assault, including cases of domestic violence
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 December 2009
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=452686
Accessed Date:
22 November 2012
Keywords:
domestic violence; institutional efficacy; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services
Title:
The Fethullah Gülen movement (Hizmet movement), including activities and regions of operation; treatment of members by society and authorities; recourse available to members, including state protection (2002-January 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 February 2015
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=455737
Accessed Date:
27 January 2016
Keywords:
conflict; freedom of expression; legislation; political activities; political opposition; political organizations
Title:
The situation of national minorities in Crimea following its annexation by Russia
Source:
European Parliament. Directorate-General for External Policies.
Date of Document:
13 April 2016
Author:
Natalia Shapovalova
URL:
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/578003/EXPO_STU(2016)578003_EN.pdf
Accessed Date:
30 January 2017
Title:
Situation and treatment of ethnic Armenians, particularly in Moscow; availability of state protection (2009-July 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 July 2013
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454699&pls=1
Accessed Date:
29 November 2013
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; judicial efficacy; legislation; minorities
Title:
Protecting the Rights of Roma and Travellers
Source:
Council of Europe
Date of Document:
May 2016
URL:
https://edoc.coe.int/en/roma-and-travellers/7067-protecting-the-rights-of-roma-and-travellers.html
Accessed Date:
25 January 2018
Title:
Crimea: Breaking the wall of silence
Source:
Crimean Human Rights House et al.
Date of Document:
November 2018
URL:
https://humanrightshouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/web-Crimea-breaking-the-wall-of-silence.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
ECRI Report on the Russian Federation (fifth monitoring cycle)
Source:
Council of Europe. European Commission against Racism and Intolerance.
Date of Document:
5 March 2019
URL:
https://rm.coe.int/fifth-report-on-the-russian-federation/1680934a91
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Unfair Game: Persecution of Human Rights Defenders in Russia Intensifies
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
17 September 2019
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/EUR4609502019ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Federal law on citizenship of the Russian Federation
URL:
https://www.refworld.org/docid/50768e422.html
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia and Ukraine: Issuance of Russian passports and citizenship rights to Ukraine citizens living in the territories of Crimea and Donbas [Donbass] (2014-February 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 February 2020
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=458057
Accessed Date:
30 March 2020
Title:
The Kremlin's Political Prisoners: Advancing a Political Agenda by Crushing Dissent
Source:
Perseus Strategies; Memorial Human Rights Centre
Date of Document:
May 2019
Author:
Jared Genser et al.
URL:
https://www.4freerussia.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/04/The-Kremlins-Political-Prisoners-May-2019.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Brutal Repression of Protests in Moscow: a complete account of violations
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
September 2019
Author:
Ilya Nuzov; Daria Kovaleva
URL:
https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/russiemoscow738aweb_.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 March 2020
Title:
Killed by Gossip: “Honor killings” of women in the North Caucasus. Report on the results of a qualitative study in the republics of Dagestan, Ingushetia and Chechnya (Russian Federation).
Source:
Stichting Justice Initiative
Date of Document:
18 December 2018
Author:
Yu. A. Antonova; S.V. Siradzhudinova
URL:
http://www.srji.org/upload/medialibrary/a3d/PPI-2018-12-18-Honor-killings-Eng-final.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russie / Tchétchénie: « crimes d'honneur »
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
22 March 2019
URL:
https://www.refugeecouncil.ch/assets/herkunftslaender/europa/russland/190322-rus-ehrenmord-fr.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Inside the fight over Russia's domestic violence law
Date of Document:
17 February 2020
URL:
https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/russia-domestic-violence-law/
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
No Support: Russia's “Gay Propaganda” Law Imperils LGBT Youth
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
11 December 2018
Author:
Michael Garcia Bochenek et al.
Editor:
Tanya Lokshina et al.
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/russia1218_web2.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Vladivostok.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
22 March 2019
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Country/Russia/Content/Detail/Report/2bb28d3d-fbb4-4b15-a70c-15f4aeba00f0
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Far Right and Arithmetic: Hate Crime in Russia and Efforts to Counteract It in 2018
Source:
SOVA Center for Information and Analysis
Date of Document:
4 February 2019
URL:
https://www.sova-center.ru/en/xenophobia/reports-analyses/2019/02/d40603/
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Yekaterinburg.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
27 February 2019
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/47938a7b-0e0e-438f-b43c-15f4aeaa7558
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Crimea: Conscription Violates International Law
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
1 November 2019
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/11/01/crimea-conscription-violates-international-law
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Taking Control? Internet Censorship and Surveillance in Russia.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Date of Document:
27 November 2019
URL:
https://www.reporter-ohne-grenzen.de/fileadmin/Redaktion/Downloads/Berichte/2019/Russiareport_20191128.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Freedom of Conscience in Russia: Restrictions and Challenges in 2018
Source:
SOVA Center for Information and Analysis
Date of Document:
17 April 2019
URL:
https://www.sova-center.ru/en/religion/publications/2019/04/d40912/
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Russia: Religious Freedom Issues. Statement by the European Association of Jehovah's Witnesses.
Source:
European Association of Jehovah's Witnesses
Date of Document:
19 September 2019
URL:
https://www.osce.org/odihr/430979?download=true
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
Title:
Fédération de Russie : Situation des Témoins de Jéhovah de février à juin 2018
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
2 July 2018
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/1806_rus_mise_a_jour_temoins_de_jehovah.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2020
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