National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
29 March 2019
ETHIOPIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Title:
Eritrea and Ethiopia
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
21 January 2013
Title:
Éthiopie - Djibouti. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Title:
Ethiopia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
22 January 2019
Accessed Date:
18 January 2019
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Ethiopia: Background information, including actors of protection and internal relocation. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
October 2017
Accessed Date:
8 January 2018
Title:
DFAT Country Information Report: Ethiopia
Source:
Australia. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
Date of Document:
28 September 2017
Accessed Date:
8 January 2018
Title:
Spotlight: Ethiopia. Internal Displacement in 2018: Mid-Year Figures.
Source:
Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
Date of Document:
12 September 2018
Accessed Date:
18 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia: Refugees and Asylum-seekers as of 31 August 2018
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
10 September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Ethiopia: People of mixed Eritrean/Ethiopian nationality. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Country Information and Guidance Note. Ethiopia: Oromos and the ‘Oromo Protests'. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Ethiopia: Opposition to the government. Version 2.0e.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
October 2017
Accessed Date:
8 January 2018
Title:
Country Review: Ethiopia
Source:
Danish Refugee Council
Date of Document:
December 2016
Accessed Date:
8 January 2018
Title:
Country of Origin Information Report Ethiopia
Source:
Dutch Council for Refugees
Date of Document:
18 May 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Resources for converting dates from the Ethiopian to Gregorian calendar; formula or method for converting dates between the two calendars
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 January 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
Title:
Ethiopia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 March 2019
Accessed Date:
18 March 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
18 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom in the World 2018.
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Civic Freedom Monitor: Ethiopia
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
12 July 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Mass Arrests, ‘Brainwashing' Threaten Ethiopia's Reform Agenda: Prime Minister Should End Repressive Tactics
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
20 October 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia: Mass arbitrary arrests and detentions of youth threaten a new era of human rights gains
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
24 September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC), including its history, structure, leaders, objectives, activities, and locations of its offices; treatment of EHRC employees by members of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 April 2018
Accessed Date:
24 January 2019
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Constitution of The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; crime; ethnic and national groups; family law; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; gender equality; gender-based violence; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; nationality; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; race; religion; state surveillance; torture
Title:
Availability of fraudulent identity documents; state efforts to combat document fraud (2014-January 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 July 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
18 January 2019
Title:
Proclamation on Ethiopian Nationality
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
children; identity documents; legislation; marriage; nationality
Title:
Description of the Ethiopian Kebele/citizenship card; whether Saudi Arabia issues identity cards for Ethiopian nationals, including description
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 May 2013
Accessed Date:
29 January 2014
Keywords:
citizenship; identity documents
Title:
Requirements and procedures for an individual born in Ethiopia to Ethiopian parents to reclaim citizenship, including if the individual holds citizenship in another country
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 June 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; nationality
Title:
Appearance of identity cards and birth certificates issued in Addis Ababa, including description of features, variation in appearance, and issuing authorities (2012-2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 October 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Whether authorities issue any documents to people charged with a criminal offence, as well as those released on bail; whether authorities seize the passport of a person with outstanding criminal charges (January-November 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 November 2013
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
freedom of movement; legal system; legislation
Title:
Passport issuance procedures within the country; information included in the passport (2012-April 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 May 2015
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
For passport applicants in Ethiopia, whether passport photographs are taken by staff at government passport offices or are provided by the applicant (2013-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 September 2015
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Appearance and information contained in identity cards and birth certificates issued in the Somali Region (2014-September 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 October 2016
Accessed Date:
15 March 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Review of National Identity Programs.
Source:
International Telecommunication Union
Date of Document:
May 2016
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Information on Eritrean nationals residing in Ethiopia, including residency rights, freedom of movement and access to education, employment and social services; residency documents issued to Eritrean nationals residing in Ethiopia...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
27 January 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
Title:
Ethiopia: Documents and citizenship. Report based on interviews in Ethiopia.
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
November 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Making Ethiopia's Electoral Board Independent
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
22 November 2018
Accessed Date:
18 January 2019
Title:
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Election for Yehizb Tewokayoch Mekir Bete (Ethiopian House of People's Representatives) of 24 May 2015.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
election; political activities; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Ethiopia COI Query Response focusing on: The Ethiopian Federal Democratic Unity Forum (Medrek); The Southern Ethiopia People's Democratic Coalition (SEPDC); The situation in Hosaena and Kembata in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples...
Source:
Asylum Research Consultancy
Date of Document:
14 July 2017
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Ethiopia: Political situation and treatment of opposition. Report based on interviews in Ethiopia.
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Éthiopie : Situation du Front populaire de libération du Tigré (FPLT) depuis le décès du Premier ministre Meles Zenawi (août 2012)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
19 November 2015
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
The Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), including origin, mandate, leadership, structure, legal status, and membership; treatment of members and supporters by authorities (2014-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 May 2015
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; ethnic and national groups; legal system; minorities; political activities; political opposition; political organizations
Title:
Treatment of members of opposition parties, particularly those of the Blue Party, the Oromo Federalist Congress (OFC), and the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) (2017-December 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 December 2018
Accessed Date:
24 January 2019
Title:
Membership cards of the Union for Democracy and Justice party (UDJ), including issuance requirements and procedures, details of their format, security features and production
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 January 2015
Accessed Date:
28 January 2015
Keywords:
political opposition; political organizations
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Ethiopia
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Semayawi Party (Blue Party), including origin, mandate, leadership. Structure, legal status, and election participation; party membership; treatment of party members and supporters by authorities
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 October 2014
Accessed Date:
28 January 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; election; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of expression; human rights activists; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; torture
Title:
Ethiopia COI Query Responses: The Master Plan; OLF members and their family members; Ill-treatment by State agents of Oromo persons who are not politically active
Source:
Asylum Research Consultancy
Date of Document:
7 September 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Information on the Sidama Liberation Movement (SLM), including history, goals, and methods; whether the group uses violence and has participated in armed conflict; treatment of members by the authorities (2012-October 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 November 2016
Accessed Date:
31 January 2017
Title:
Information on membership procedures to join the Semayawi Party (Blue Party); whether the party issues membership cards, including who issues them and for what purpose; whether members are required to pay monthly dues; whether the party issues receipts for dues paid (2014-August 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 August 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Whether the Semayawi Party (Blue Party) issues letters to supporters; format, language and signatories of letters; verification process of party membership and involvement prior to issuance of letters (2014-July 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 August 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
The Oromo Federalist Congress (OFC), including aims and objectives, leadership, structure; information on how to become a member; treatment of members and supporters by authorities (2014 - March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 March 2016
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
Information on the ability of the Ethiopian government to monitor and censor Ethiopian dissidents living in Canada, including scope and type of surveillance, and technology used; treatment of returning dissidents from Canada, including ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 February 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
Title:
Ethiopia and Canada: Information on the Unity for Human Rights and Democracy (Unity), including activities and requirements and procedures to become a member; whether they provide verification of the political activities of their members in Ethiopia...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
8 February 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
Title:
Information on '1 to 5' groups in Ethiopia, including origin and purpose; whether citizens are required to participate in them; consequences for refusal (2014-June 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 June 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
Title:
Éthiopie: Le Front Patriotique du Peuple Ethiopien
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
30 September 2015
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Country Report: Popular Mobilisation in Ethiopia: An Investigation of Activity from November 2015 to May 2017
Source:
Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
Title:
Change and Continuity in Protests and Political Violence PM Abiy's Ethiopia
Source:
The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED)
Date of Document:
13 October 2018
Author:
Hilary Matfess; Daniel Watson
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Domestic Violence and Honour Killings in Ethiopia. Situation of Ethiopian Orthodox Christian women who have married Muslim men, including prevalence of honour killings and the situation of Ethiopian women at risk of domestic violence and access to State protection.
Source:
Country of origin research and information
Date of Document:
11 December 2015
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
18 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopian female domestic workers inside Ethiopia and abroad (household slavery, trafficking). COI Compilation.
Source:
Austrian Red Cross. Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation.
Date of Document:
January 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Éthiopie : Les mariages forcés en Éthiopie
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
21 October 2016
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Shelters for Women and Girls who are Survivors of Violence in Ethiopia
Source:
United Nations. UN Women.
Date of Document:
January 2016
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Eighth periodic report submitted by Ethiopia under article 18 of the Convention, due in 2015
Date of Document:
18 December 2017
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. State Sponsored Homophobia 2017: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2017
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
BOOSHTEE! Survival and Resilience in Ethiopia. Evidence Report No 129.
Source:
Institute for Development Studies
Date of Document:
April 2015
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Treatment of sex workers by society and authorities, including arrest, prosecution and conviction; treatment of women with children born out of wedlock by society and authorities (2014-June 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 July 2016
Accessed Date:
23 March 2017
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Ethiopia: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. Country Reports on Terrorism 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. 2018 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
30 March 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Éthiopie : Le service militaire
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
21 October 2016
Accessed Date:
15 January 2018
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Charities and Societies Proclamation No.621/2009
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
“We are Like the Dead”: Torture and other Human Rights Abuses in Jail Ogaden, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
4 July 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia to Free Political Prisoners, Close Prison
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
3 January 2018
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Requirements and procedures for obtaining police reports, such as criminal complaints, from within the country as well as from abroad; format, including appearance and whether legislation is referenced in a police report, signatures, letterhead an...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 February 2017
Accessed Date:
15 March 2017
Title:
Police summonses, including legislation and ways for delivering summonses; information on the appearance and content of summonses, including whether there are variations between federal and municipal summonses, and whether any legislation...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 October 2015
Accessed Date:
22 January 2016
Keywords:
crime; document fraud; legislation; police/security forces
Title:
Ethiopia: The special police (Liyu Police) in the Somali Regional State
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
3 June 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: No Justice in Somali Region Killings
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
5 April 2017
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom of the Press 2017.
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom on the Net 2018.
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia: Computer Crime Proclamation
Date of Document:
July 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
The Ethiopian Satellite Television media group (ESAT), including objectives and activities in Canada, particularly in the Kitchener-Waterloo area; reports of surveillance by Ethiopian authorities (2012 - March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 April 2016
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia Offline: Evidence of Social Media Blocking and Internet Censorship in Ethiopia
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
14 December 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopian government unblocks 264 websites and blogs
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
25 June 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 May 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Ethiopia. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
26 April 2017
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Ethiopia: The Indigenous World 2018
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
April 2018
Author:
Bennett Collins, Nyikaw Ochalla, Alison Watson
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
“Such a Brutal Crackdown”: Killings and Arrests in Response to Ethiopia's Oromo Protests
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
15 June 2016
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Whether state security agents have distinguishing facial marks or tattoos (2014-May 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 May 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Source:
Minority Rights Group
Date of Document:
January 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
Éthiopie : Situation actuelle dans la province de Gambella (ou Gambela)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
23 October 2015
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Source:
Minority Rights Group
Date of Document:
January 2018
Accessed Date:
9 January 2019
Title:
‘'Fuel on the Fire'': Security Force Response to the 2016 Irreecha Cultural Festival
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
19 September 2017
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Éthiopie : Le mouvement de contestation oromo
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
29 November 2016
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Treatment of ethnic Amharas; the All Ethiopian Unity Party (AEUP), including treatment of its members and supporters by authorities (2014-November 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 November 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2018
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Causes, Dynamics, and Consequences of Internal Displacement in Ethiopia
Source:
German Institute for International and Security Affairs
Date of Document:
May 2017
Author:
Mehari Taddele Maru
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
Title:
Information on exit screenings at Bole International Airport, including whether a person released on bail from Gondar When Bet jail on the condition not to leave Gondar would be stopped during exit screenings at Bole International Airport in Addi...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 February 2016
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
The Long Arm of Ethiopia Reaches for Those Who Fled
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
20 September 2017
Accessed Date:
9 January 2018
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 January 2019:
Title:
Ethiopia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 April 2018
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2017&dlid=276999
Accessed Date:
23 April 2018
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.