National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis. NDPs are updated cyclically based on publicly available information. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to allow sufficient time to build a body of relevant information.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 August 2018
LIBERIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
September 2014
Accessed Date:
29 July 2015
Title:
Liberia. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
31 October 2012
Title:
Liberia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
14 August 2018
Accessed Date:
20 August 2018
Title:
Thirty-third Progress Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Mission in Liberia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
16 June 2017
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Liberia: Sexual orientation and gender identity. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
February 2017
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 April 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2018
Title:
An Assessment of Human Rights Issues Emanating from Traditional Practices in Liberia
Source:
United Nations. Mission in Liberia.
Date of Document:
December 2015
Accessed Date:
21 July 2016
Keywords:
abduction; children; ethnic and national groups; female genital mutilation; freedom of movement; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; religion; sexual violence; torture; tribes/clans
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 40 of the Covenant. Initial reports of States parties due in 2005. Liberia.
Date of Document:
9 December 2016
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. Freedom in the World 2018.
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Liberia. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Summary prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in accordance with paragraph 15 (c) of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 5/1 and paragraph 5 of the annex to Council resolution 16/21: Liberia
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/22/LBR/3
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
9 February 2015
Accessed Date:
22 July 2015
Keywords:
children; citizenship; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; legal system; legislation; nationality; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; sexual violence; torture
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Liberia
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/22/LBR/1
Date of Document:
18 February 2015
Accessed Date:
22 July 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; domestic violence; election; family law; female genital mutilation; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; penal system; sexual minorities; sexual violence; trafficking in persons
Title:
Common core document forming part of the reports of States parties. Liberia.
Date of Document:
5 August 2016
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Information on the Liberian Initiative for the Promotion of Rights, Identity and Equality (LIPRIDE) and the Liberia Women Empowerment Network (LIWEN), including objectives; treatment of members by society and authorities (2014-January 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 January 2017
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Press Release: UNMIL completes its mandate in a now peaceful Liberia
Source:
United Nations. United Nations Mission in Liberia.
Date of Document:
31 March 2018
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Liberia. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
20 August 2018
Title:
Aliens and Nationality Law (amended 1974)
Accessed Date:
28 July 2014
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; race
Title:
Constitution of the Republic of Liberia
Date of Document:
6 January 1986
Accessed Date:
31 October 2012
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; citizenship; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; nationality; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; race; religion; torture
Title:
Appearance and security features of birth certificates and death certificates; how to obtain these documents
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 July 2017
Accessed Date:
29 August 2017
Title:
Passport appearance and security features; how to obtain a passport; passport specimen (2015-July 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 July 2017
Accessed Date:
28 August 2017
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Liberia
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Republic of Liberia. Election for Liberian Senate of 20 December 2014.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
22 July 2015
Keywords:
election; political activities; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Republic of Liberia. Election for President of 10 October 2017.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Republic of Liberia. Election for Liberian House of Representatives of 10 October 2017.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Liberia. Key Findings.
Accessed Date:
20 August 2018
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined seventh and eighth periodic reports of Liberia
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.
Date of Document:
24 November 2015
Accessed Date:
22 July 2016
Keywords:
abduction; corruption; family law; female genital mutilation; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; identity documents; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; political organizations; sexual violence; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
List of issues and questions in relation to the combined seventh and eighth periodic reports of Liberia. Addendum. Replies of Liberia.
Code:
CEDAW/C/LBR/Q/7-8/Add.1
Date of Document:
29 September 2015
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
President Sirleaf Signs Executive Order on Domestic Violence
Source:
Liberia. Executive Mansion.
Date of Document:
20 January 2018
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Liberia's Compliance with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Report for the Pre-Sessional Working Group of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
Source:
The Advocates for Human Rights
Accessed Date:
22 July 2015
Keywords:
children; crime; domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; legal system; marriage; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services; statistics
Title:
Liberia. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
22 July 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; domestic violence; family law; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; labour; legislation; marriage; political activities; sexual violence; statistics
Title:
Addressing Impunity for Rape in Liberia
Source:
United Nations. Mission in Liberia.; United Nations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.
Date of Document:
October 2016
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Gender-Based Violence and Access to Justice: Grand Bassa County, Liberia
Source:
Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
Author:
Randi Solhjell; Debey Sayndee
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
The Sande secret society, its activities, organization, leaders and consequences of refusing the role of leader; Sande's power, its treatment of those who speak out against or oppose its practices; state protection for individuals threatened by...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 February 2017
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia: Temporary Ban on Domestic Violence, Including Female Genital Mutilation
Source:
United States. Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Research Centre.
Date of Document:
31 January 2018
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Reversing the tide of rising violence against women in Liberia
Date of Document:
16 November 2017
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Liberia. State Sponsored Homophobia 2017: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2017
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Liberia. Tier 2 Watch List. Trafficking in Persons Report 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2018
Accessed Date:
20 August 2018
Title:
Liberia. 2018 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
19 June 2018
Accessed Date:
22 August 2018
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Traditional Justice Mechanisms in Liberia
Source:
African Security Sector Network. African societal Analysis.
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Pragmatism and mistrust: The interaction of dispute resolution mechanisms in Liberia
Source:
Berghof Foundation
Date of Document:
1 August 2016
Accessed Date:
25 August 2016
Keywords:
conflict; corruption; election; ethnic and national groups; indigenous groups; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Building trust in a reformed security sector. A field experiment in Liberia.
Source:
International Growth Centre
Date of Document:
August 2016
Author:
Robert Blair et al.
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. Freedom of the Press 2016.
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 May 2018
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race - (No items in this section)
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 30 April 2018:
Title:
Liberia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
1 August 2017
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/li.html
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. Freedom in the World 2017.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2017/liberia
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
http://travel.state.gov/content/visas/english/fees/reciprocity-by-country/LI.html
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2016 — Liberia Country Report.
Source:
Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
https://www.bti-project.org/fileadmin/files/BTI/Downloads/Reports/2016/pdf/BTI_2016_Liberia.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; corruption; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of the press; government corruption; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; Internet; judicial efficacy; legislation; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion
Title:
Republic of Liberia. Election for President of 8 November 2011.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
http://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2214/
Accessed Date:
22 July 2015
Keywords:
election; political activities; statistics
Title:
Republic of Liberia. Election for Liberian House of Representatives of 11 October 2011.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
http://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/499/
Accessed Date:
22 July 2015
Keywords:
election; political activities; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Liberia (Tier 2 Watch List). Trafficking in Persons Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
URL:
https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2017/271227.htm
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. 2017 OSAC Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
14 March 2017
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=21448
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
15 August 2017
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2016&dlid=268664
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Liberia
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
13 July 2015
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/30/4
Accessed Date:
15 August 2016
Keywords:
children; corruption; freedom of assembly; gender equality; gender-based violence; humanitarian situation; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Liberia. Statistical Profile on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting.
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
February 2016
URL:
http://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/country_profiles/Liberia/FGMC_LBR.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Situation of single or divorced women living alone, particularly in Monrovia; whether they can find work and housing; support services available to them
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 February 2013
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454618
Accessed Date:
24 June 2013
Keywords:
conflict; gender equality; gender-based violence; religion; social services; statistics
Title:
Liberia. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2017, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2017
URL:
https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/268025.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. WJP Rule of Law Index 2016.
Source:
World Justice Project
URL:
http://data.worldjusticeproject.org/#/groups/LBR
Accessed Date:
22 August 2017
Title:
Liberia. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/africa/liberia/report-liberia/
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Press Release: UNMIL completes its mandate in a now peaceful Liberia
Source:
United Nations. United Nations Mission in Liberia.
Date of Document:
31 March 2018
URL:
https://unmil.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/unmil-3003-18-unmil_completes_its_mandate_in_a_now_peaceful_liberia.pdf
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Liberia. Key Findings.
URL:
https://www.28toomany.org/static/media/uploads/Country%20Research%20and%20Resources/Liberia/liberia_printer_friendly_page_v2_july_2018.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 August 2018
Title:
President Sirleaf Signs Executive Order on Domestic Violence
Source:
Liberia. Executive Mansion.
Date of Document:
20 January 2018
URL:
http://www.emansion.gov.lr/2press.php?news_id=4329&related=7&pg=sp
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Liberia: Temporary Ban on Domestic Violence, Including Female Genital Mutilation
Source:
United States. Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Research Centre.
Date of Document:
31 January 2018
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/liberia-temporary-ban-on-domestic-violence-including-female-genital-mutilation/
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Title:
Reversing the tide of rising violence against women in Liberia
Date of Document:
16 November 2017
URL:
http://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2017/11/feature-reversing-the-tide-of-rising-violence-against-women-in-liberia
Accessed Date:
2 August 2018
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
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NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
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NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
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The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.