National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website. RIRs may have attachments that are not available online. To obtain a copy of any such attachment, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 January 2017
ETHIOPIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Title:
Eritrea and Ethiopia.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
21 January 2013
Title:
Éthiopie - Djibouti. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Title:
Ethiopia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
12 January 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Operational Guidance Note: Ethiopia
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
November 2013
Accessed Date:
17 January 2014
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; identity documents; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; international guidance note; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; military service; nationality; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; social services; torture
Title:
Ethiopia. ICRC Annual Report 2015.
Source:
International Committee of the Red Cross
Date of Document:
9 May 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Treatment by authorities of individuals of Ethiopian parentage, returning to Ethiopia, but who have never lived in the country; availability of employment, housing, and other social services in Addis Ababa for newly-arrived individuals (2013-April 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 April 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
country overview; humanitarian situation; social services
Title:
Ethiopia: 2015 HRF projects map (as of 31 December 2015)
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
31 December 2015
Accessed Date:
26 January 2016
Keywords:
humanitarian situation; map
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Ethiopia: People of mixed Eritrean/Ethiopian nationality.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Country Information and Guidance Note. Ethiopia: Oromos and the ‘Oromo Protests'.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
December 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Country Information and Policy Note. Ethiopia: Opposition to the government.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
December 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 April 2016
Accessed Date:
19 April 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; citizenship; corruption; disappeared persons; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; Internet; labour; legal system; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political prisoners; race; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; state surveillance; torture; warrants
Title:
Ethiopia. Amnesty International Report 2015/16: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Ethiopia
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
7 July 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; disappeared persons; domestic violence; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; penal system; political activities; political opposition; torture; trafficking in persons
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom in the World 2016.
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Civic Freedom Monitor: Ethiopia
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
27 October 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. World Report 2017: Events of 2016.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Éthiopie. Mise à jour: Développements actuels jusqu'en juin 2014.
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
17 June 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; conflict; country overview; election; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; indigenous groups; internal displacement; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; penal system; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; state surveillance; torture
Title:
Ethiopia: 25 Years of Human Rights Violations
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
2 June 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: Reform only Feasible way out of Mounting Crisis
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
18 October 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Country of Origin Information Report Ethiopia
Source:
Dutch Council for Refugees
Date of Document:
18 May 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Constitution of The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; crime; ethnic and national groups; family law; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; gender equality; gender-based violence; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; nationality; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; race; religion; state surveillance; torture
Title:
Availability of fraudulent identity documents; state efforts to combat document fraud (2014-January 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 July 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Proclamation on Ethiopian Nationality
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
children; identity documents; legislation; marriage; nationality
Title:
Description of the Ethiopian Kebele/citizenship card; whether Saudi Arabia issues identity cards for Ethiopian nationals, including description
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 May 2013
Accessed Date:
29 January 2014
Keywords:
citizenship; identity documents
Title:
Requirements and procedures for an individual born in Ethiopia to Ethiopian parents to reclaim citizenship, including if the individual holds citizenship in another country
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 June 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; nationality
Title:
Appearance of identity cards and birth certificates issued in Addis Ababa, including description of features, variation in appearance, and issuing authorities (2012-2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 October 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Whether authorities issue any documents to people charged with a criminal offence, as well as those released on bail; whether authorities seize the passport of a person with outstanding criminal charges (January-November 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 November 2013
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
freedom of movement; legal system; legislation
Title:
Passport issuance procedures within the country; information included in the passport (2012-April 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 May 2015
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
For passport applicants in Ethiopia, whether passport photographs are taken by staff at government passport offices or are provided by the applicant (2013-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 September 2015
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
identity documents
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Election for President (President) of 7 October 2013.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
17 January 2014
Keywords:
election; political activities; political organizations
Title:
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Election for Yehizb Tewokayoch Mekir Bete (House of People's Representatives) of 24 May 2015
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
election; political activities; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Treatment of members of the opposition parties and of their relatives, particularly those of the Coalition for Unity and Democracy (CUD), by government authorities (2008-2009)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 January 2010
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; election; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; legislation; police/security forces; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; torture
Title:
The Unity for Democracy and Justice Party (UDJ); its formation, leadership, structure, mandate, membership, issuance of membership cards; treatment by authorities; branches outside of Ethiopia; membership requirements at Toronto and Atlanta...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 July 2012
Accessed Date:
25 January 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; ethnic and national groups; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; state surveillance
Title:
Situation du Front populaire de libération du Tigré (FPLT) depuis le décès du Premier ministre Meles Zenawi (août 2012)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
19 November 2015
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
The Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), including origin, mandate, leadership, structure, legal status, and membership; treatment of members and supporters by authorities (2014-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 May 2015
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; ethnic and national groups; legal system; minorities; political activities; political opposition; political organizations
Title:
Topical Note. Ethiopia: The Ginbot 7 Party.
Source:
Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo
Date of Document:
20 August 2012
Accessed Date:
21 January 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; crime; election; ethnic and national groups; human rights activists; legal system; legislation; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners
Title:
Membership cards of the Union for Democracy and Justice party (UDJ), including issuance requirements and procedures, details of their format, security features and production
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 January 2015
Accessed Date:
28 January 2015
Keywords:
political opposition; political organizations
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2016 — Ethiopia Country Report.
Source:
Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Semayawi Party (Blue Party), including origin, mandate, leadership. Structure, legal status, and election participation; party membership; treatment of party members and supporters by authorities
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 October 2014
Accessed Date:
28 January 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; election; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of expression; human rights activists; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; torture
Title:
Ethiopia COI Query Responses: The Master Plan; OLF members and their family members; Ill-treatment by State agents of Oromo persons who are not politically active
Source:
Asylum Research Consultancy
Date of Document:
7 September 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Information on the Sidama Liberation Movement (SLM), including history, goals, and methods; whether the group uses violence and has participated in armed conflict; treatment of members by the authorities (2012-October 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 November 2016
Accessed Date:
31 January 2017
Title:
Information on membership procedures to join the Semayawi Party (Blue Party); whether the party issues membership cards, including who issues them and for what purpose; whether members are required to pay monthly dues; whether the party issues receipts for dues paid (2014-August 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 August 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Whether the Semayawi Party (Blue Party) issues letters to supporters; format, language and signatories of letters; verification process of party membership and involvement prior to issuance of letters (2014-July 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 August 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
The Oromo Federalist Congress (OFC), including aims and objectives, leadership, structure; information on how to become a member; treatment of members and supporters by authorities (2014 - March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 March 2016
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Domestic Violence and Honour Killings in Ethiopia. Situation of Ethiopian Orthodox Christian women who have married Muslim men, including prevalence of honour killings and the situation of Ethiopian women at risk of domestic violence and access to State protection.
Source:
Country of origin research and information
Date of Document:
11 December 2015
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
28 November 2014
Keywords:
abduction; children; domestic violence; family law; female genital mutilation; gender equality; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; sexual violence; statistics
Title:
Ethiopian female domestic workers inside Ethiopia and abroad (household slavery, trafficking). COI Compilation.
Source:
Austrian Red Cross. Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation.
Date of Document:
January 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. State-Sponsored Homophobia. A World Survey of Sexual Orientation Laws: Criminalisation, Protection and Recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
October 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Report: The State of Human Rights for LGBT People in Africa.
Source:
Human Rights Campaign Foundation; Human Rights First
Date of Document:
July 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
legislation; sexual minorities
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Ethiopia (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Examining the Depths of Ethiopia's Corruption
Source:
Inter Press Service
Date of Document:
16 June 2013
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
corruption; government corruption; institutional efficacy; police efficacy; political organizations
Title:
Ethiopia. OSAC 2016 Crime & Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
2 March 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Ethiopia: The 2009 Charities and Societies Proclamation as a serious obstacle to the promotion and protection of human rights in Ethiopia. Amnesty International's written statement to the 20th Session of the UN Human Rights Council.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
11 June 2012
Accessed Date:
21 January 2013
Keywords:
freedom of expression; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; legislation; social services
Title:
Ethiopia. WJP Rule of Law Index 2016.
Source:
World Justice Project
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Legal Analysis of Ethiopia's State of Emergency
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 October 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
'They Want a Confession': Torture and Ill-Treatment in Ethiopia's Maekelawi Police Station
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
October 2013
Accessed Date:
17 January 2014
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legislation; penal system; police/security forces; political opposition; torture
Title:
Police summonses, including legislation and ways for delivering summonses; information on the appearance and content of summonses, including whether there are variations between federal and municipal summonses, and whether any legislation...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 October 2015
Accessed Date:
22 January 2016
Keywords:
crime; document fraud; legislation; police/security forces
Title:
Ethiopia: The special police (Liyu Police) in the Somali Regional State
Source:
Norway: Landinfo - Country of Origin Information Centre.
Date of Document:
3 June 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom of the Press 2016.
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom on the Net 2016.
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: Computer Crime Proclamation
Date of Document:
July 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Conflating terrorism and journalism in Ethiopia. Attacks on the Press, 2015 Edition.
Source:
Committee to Protect Journalists
Date of Document:
27 April 2015
Accessed Date:
31 January 2017
Title:
“Journalism Is Not a Crime”: Violations of Media Freedom in Ethiopia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2015
Accessed Date:
27 January 2015
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; Internet; legal system; legislation; map; minorities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; state surveillance; statistics; torture
Title:
The Ethiopian Satellite Television media group (ESAT), including objectives and activities in Canada, particularly in the Kitchener-Waterloo area; reports of surveillance by Ethiopian authorities (2012 - March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 April 2016
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia Offline. Evidence of Social Media Blocking and Internet Censorship in Ethiopia.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
14 December 2106
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 August 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Treatment of members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (EOTC) by authorities (2011-July 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 August 2014
Accessed Date:
28 January 2015
Keywords:
conflict; ethnic and national groups; legislation; minorities; religion; statistics
Title:
Ethiopia. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2016.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
2 May 2016
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Les Falashas, Juifs d'Ethiopie
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
25 May 2016
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: Governing the Faithful. Africa Briefing N° 117.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
22 February 2016
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Ethiopia. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2016. Events of 2015.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
July 2016
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
“Such a Brutal Crackdown” : Killings and Arrests in Response to Ethiopia's Oromo Protests.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
June 2016
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Whether state security agents have distinguishing facial marks or tattoos (2014-May 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 May 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
'Because I Am Oromo': Sweeping Repression in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
October 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; disappeared persons; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; human rights activists; legislation; map; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; sexual violence; state surveillance; torture; warrants
Title:
Situation actuelle dans la province de Gambella (ou Gambela)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
23 October 2015
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Situation of the Shinasha ethnic group, including treatment by the majority population and authorities (2012-July 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 July 2014
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
conflict; ethnic and national groups; indigenous groups
Title:
Situation of the Shekha ethnic group, including the relation to the Ogaden ethnic group, the Ethiopian and Somali Regional Administration, and the Ogaden National Liberation Front (2013-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 October 2015
Accessed Date:
22 January 2016
Keywords:
conflict; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; political activities; political organizations; statistics
Title:
The treatment of Eritrean refugees by Ethiopian government authorities; the rights granted to refugees, including access to employment, education and medical care, and entry and exit rights (2014-April 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 April 2015
Accessed Date:
31 January 2017
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Ethiopia. Extreme Conditions, Extreme Measures. Global Report on Internal Displacement.
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre.
Date of Document:
May 2016
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Information on exit screenings at Bole International Airport, including whether a person released on bail from Gondar When Bet jail on the condition not to leave Gondar would be stopped during exit screenings at Bole International Airport in Addi...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 February 2016
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
Exit controls at Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa, including screening procedures for those departing on international flights; treatment of members of opposition parties at the airport (February 2011-December 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 January 2014
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 29 April 2016:
Title:
Ethiopia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
12 January 2016
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/et.html
Accessed Date:
8 January 2016
Keywords:
country overview; map
Title:
Ethiopia. ICRC Annual Report 2014.
Source:
International Committee of the Red Cross
Date of Document:
9 June 2015
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5581319e16.html
Accessed Date:
8 January 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; humanitarian situation; internal displacement; map; penal system; police/security forces
Title:
Ethiopia. Amnesty International Report 2014/15: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/africa/ethiopia/report-ethiopia/
Accessed Date:
8 January 2016
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; judicial efficacy; legal system; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; rejected asylum seekers; sexual violence; state surveillance; torture
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom in the World 2015.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2015/ethiopia
Accessed Date:
8 January 2016
Keywords:
abduction; armed groups; children; corruption; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender-based violence; government corruption; indigenous groups; Internet; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; minorities; penal system; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; rejected asylum seekers; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; torture
Title:
NGO Law Monitor: Ethiopia
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
21 March 2015
URL:
http://www.icnl.org/research/monitor/ethiopia.html
Accessed Date:
8 January 2016
Keywords:
freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; humanitarian situation; legal system; legislation; statistics
Title:
Ethiopia. World Report 2016: Events of 2015.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2016
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/country-chapters/ethiopia
Accessed Date:
29 January 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; human rights activists; indigenous groups; internal displacement; Internet; judicial efficacy; police efficacy; police/security forces; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; religion; torture
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2014 — Ethiopia Country Report.
Source:
Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
http://www.bti-project.org/fileadmin/Inhalte/reports/2014/pdf/BTI%202014%20Ethiopia.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
conflict; corruption; country overview; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; government corruption; human rights activists; legal system; minorities; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; state surveillance
Title:
Ethiopia. State-Sponsored Homophobia. A World Survey of Laws: Criminalisation, Protection and Recognition of Same-Sex Love.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2015
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Paoli Itaborahy
URL:
http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
legislation; sexual minorities
Title:
Ethiopia (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
July 2015
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2015/243436.htm
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; government corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; organized crime; sexual violence; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
Ethiopia. WJP Rule of Law Index 2015.
Source:
World Justice Project
URL:
http://worldjusticeproject.org/sites/default/files/roli_2015_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
corruption; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; government corruption; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; police corruption; statistics
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom of the Press 2015.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2015/ethiopia
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
freedom of expression; freedom of the press; Internet; legal system; legislation; state surveillance
Title:
Ethiopia. Freedom on the Net 2015.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2015/ethiopia
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
freedom of expression; freedom of the press; Internet; legal system; legislation; political opposition; state surveillance; statistics
Title:
Ethiopia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2014.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
14 October 2015
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2014&dlid=238214#wrapper
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; legal system; legislation; minorities; religion
Title:
Ethiopia. USCIRF Annual Report 2014.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
30 April 2014
URL:
http://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/USCIRF%202014%20Annual%20Report%20PDF.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; election; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; religion
Title:
Ethiopia. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2015.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
2 July 2015
URL:
http://minorityrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/MRG-state-of-the-worlds-minorities-2015-FULL-TEXT.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; institutional efficacy; minorities; religion; social services
Title:
Ethiopia: End Stifling of Peaceful Protests
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
5 September 2013
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/8000/afr250032013en.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 January 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; human rights activists; legislation; minorities; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; religion; torture
Title:
Ethiopia: World Bank Translator, Activists Face Trial
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 September 2015
URL:
http://www.hrw.org/news/2015/09/21/ethiopia-world-bank-translator-activists-face-trial
Accessed Date:
8 January 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; legal system; penal system; torture
Title:
Ethiopia: Investigate suspicious murders and human rights violations
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
23 June 2015
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2015/06/ethiopia-investigate-suspicious-murders-and-human-rights-violations-1/
Accessed Date:
8 January 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; election; extralegal executions/killings; political activities; political opposition; political organizations
Title:
Procedures that Ethiopian citizens must follow in order to obtain identity documents from consulates or missions in Canada; registration of births and the issuance procedure for birth certificates
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 December 2009
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=452714
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
children; identity documents
Title:
Discrimination in Access to Nationality
Source:
Open Society Institute. Open Society Justice Initiative.
Date of Document:
April 2009
URL:
http://lib.ohchr.org/HRBodies/UPR/Documents/Session6/ET/OSJI_ETH_UPR_S06_2009.pdf
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
children; citizenship; ethnic and national groups; legislation; nationality
Title:
Briefing: Ethiopia's ONLF Rebellion
Source:
United Nations. Integrated Regional Information Networks.
Date of Document:
29 October 2012
URL:
http://www.irinnews.org/Report/96658/Briefing-Ethiopia-s-ONLF-rebellion
Accessed Date:
21 January 2013
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; conflict; crime; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; human rights activists; legislation; police/security forces; political opposition; political organizations; sexual violence; torture
Title:
Domestic violence, including legislation, state protection and services available to victims (2007-2011)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 December 2011
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453747
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
abduction; domestic violence; female genital mutilation; femicide; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; marriage; police efficacy; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Ethiopia. Enemies of the Internet Report 2014.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Date of Document:
12 March 2014
URL:
http://12mars.rsf.org/2014-en/2014/03/06/ethiopia-full-online-powers/
Accessed Date:
22 September 2014
Keywords:
freedom of expression; freedom of the press; human rights activists; Internet; judicial efficacy; legislation; political activities; state surveillance
Title:
Ethiopia: The acquittal of three bloggers detained for over 500 days no victory for freedom of expression
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
16 October 2015
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2015/10/three-ethiopian-bloggers-acquitted/
Accessed Date:
11 January 2016
Keywords:
freedom of expression; freedom of the press; Internet; legal system
Title:
The treatment of Eritreans by the Ethiopian government authorities (2008-2009)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 January 2010
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=452739
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; freedom of movement; institutional efficacy; legislation; minorities; nationality
Title:
Case Study: Forced Displacement and 'Villagization' in Ethiopia; Ethiopia. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2012: Events of 2011.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
June 2012
URL:
http://minorityrights.org/wp-content/uploads/old-site-downloads/download-1118-Africa.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 January 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; conflict; ethnic and national groups; freedom of expression; gender equality; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; indigenous groups; internal displacement; legislation; minorities; police/security forces complaints; political opposition; political organizations; sexual violence; torture
Title:
Ethiopia Overview. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
URL:
http://minorityrights.org/country/ethiopia/
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; conflict; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of the press; indigenous groups; internal displacement; labour; legislation; minorities; police/security forces complaints; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; religion; sexual violence; torture
Title:
Ethiopia: Monitoring of Conflict, Human Rights Violations and Resulting Displacement Still Problematic
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council; Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
Date of Document:
20 January 2011
URL:
http://www.internal-displacement.org/sub-saharan-africa/ethiopia/2011/monitoring-of-conflict-human-rights-violations-and-resulting-displacement-still-problematic/
Accessed Date:
21 January 2013
Keywords:
armed groups; conflict; crime; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of movement; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; legislation; map; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political organizations; sexual violence; torture; tribes/clans
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Ethiopia: People of mixed Eritrean/Ethiopian nationality.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/565755/CIG-Ethiopia-Eritreans-of-mixed-Eritrean-Ethiopian-nationality-v1-August-2016.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Country Information and Guidance Note. Ethiopia: Oromos and the ‘Oromo Protests'.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
December 2016
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/575515/CPIN_ETH_Oromo_and_Oromo_protests.v1.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Country Information and Policy Note. Ethiopia: Opposition to the government.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
December 2016
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/575514/CPIN_ETH_POL_OPP_v1.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: 25 Years of Human Rights Violations
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
2 June 2016
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr25/4178/2016/en/
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: Reform only Feasible way out of Mounting Crisis
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
18 October 2016
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr25/5003/2016/en/
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Country of Origin Information Report Ethiopia
Source:
Dutch Council for Refugees
Date of Document:
18 May 2016
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/573f2f334.html
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Availability of fraudulent identity documents; state efforts to combat document fraud (2014-January 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 July 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456627
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/visas/en/fees/reciprocity-by-country/ET.html
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Situation du Front populaire de libération du Tigré (FPLT) depuis le décès du Premier ministre Meles Zenawi (août 2012)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
19 November 2015
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/151119_eth_situation_du_fplt.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia COI Query Responses: The Master Plan; OLF members and their family members; Ill-treatment by State agents of Oromo persons who are not politically active
Source:
Asylum Research Consultancy
Date of Document:
7 September 2016
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57cff8c14.html
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Information on the Sidama Liberation Movement (SLM), including history, goals, and methods; whether the group uses violence and has participated in armed conflict; treatment of members by the authorities (2012-October 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 November 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456757
Accessed Date:
31 January 2017
Title:
Information on membership procedures to join the Semayawi Party (Blue Party); whether the party issues membership cards, including who issues them and for what purpose; whether members are required to pay monthly dues; whether the party issues receipts for dues paid (2014-August 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 August 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456648
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Whether the Semayawi Party (Blue Party) issues letters to supporters; format, language and signatories of letters; verification process of party membership and involvement prior to issuance of letters (2014-July 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 August 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456647
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
The Oromo Federalist Congress (OFC), including aims and objectives, leadership, structure; information on how to become a member; treatment of members and supporters by authorities (2014 - March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 March 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456441
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
Domestic Violence and Honour Killings in Ethiopia. Situation of Ethiopian Orthodox Christian women who have married Muslim men, including prevalence of honour killings and the situation of Ethiopian women at risk of domestic violence and access to State protection.
Source:
Country of origin research and information
Date of Document:
11 December 2015
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/568b90054.html
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopian female domestic workers inside Ethiopia and abroad (household slavery, trafficking). COI Compilation.
Source:
Austrian Red Cross. Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation.
Date of Document:
January 2016
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/56aa450f4.html
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. OSAC 2016 Crime & Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
2 March 2016
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=19198
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Legal Analysis of Ethiopia's State of Emergency
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 October 2016
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2016/10/30/legal-analysis-ethiopias-state-emergency
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: The special police (Liyu Police) in the Somali Regional State
Source:
Norway: Landinfo - Country of Origin Information Centre.
Date of Document:
3 June 2016
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57bd3ea14.html
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: Computer Crime Proclamation
Date of Document:
July 2016
URL:
https://www.article19.org/data/files/medialibrary/38450/Ethiopia-Computer-Crime-Proclamation-Legal-Analysis-July-(1).pdf
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
The Ethiopian Satellite Television media group (ESAT), including objectives and activities in Canada, particularly in the Kitchener-Waterloo area; reports of surveillance by Ethiopian authorities (2012 - March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 April 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456456
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia Offline. Evidence of Social Media Blocking and Internet Censorship in Ethiopia.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
14 December 2106
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr25/5312/2016/en/
Accessed Date:
5 January 2017
Title:
Les Falashas, Juifs d'Ethiopie
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
25 May 2016
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/1605_eth_falashas.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia: Governing the Faithful. Africa Briefing N° 117.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
22 February 2016
URL:
https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/ethiopia/ethiopia-governing-faithful
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
“Such a Brutal Crackdown” : Killings and Arrests in Response to Ethiopia's Oromo Protests.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
June 2016
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/ethiopia0616web.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Whether state security agents have distinguishing facial marks or tattoos (2014-May 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 May 2016
URL:
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456541&pls=1
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Situation actuelle dans la province de Gambella (ou Gambela)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
23 October 2015
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/151005_eth_situation_province_gambella.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
The treatment of Eritrean refugees by Ethiopian government authorities; the rights granted to refugees, including access to employment, education and medical care, and entry and exit rights (2014-April 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 April 2015
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456894
Accessed Date:
31 January 2017
Title:
Ethiopia. Extreme Conditions, Extreme Measures. Global Report on Internal Displacement.
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre.
Date of Document:
May 2016
URL:
http://www.internal-displacement.org/assets/publications/2016/2016-global-report-internal-displacement-IDMC.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 January 2017
Title:
Information on exit screenings at Bole International Airport, including whether a person released on bail from Gondar When Bet jail on the condition not to leave Gondar would be stopped during exit screenings at Bole International Airport in Addi...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 February 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456383
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Title:
Exit controls at Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa, including screening procedures for those departing on international flights; treatment of members of opposition parties at the airport (February 2011-December 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 January 2014
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=455031
Accessed Date:
17 January 2017
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.