National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website. RIRs may have attachments that are not available online. To obtain a copy of any such attachment, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
27 February 2026
KYRGYZSTAN
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
June 2011
Accessed Date:
27 August 2013
Title:
Présentation du Kirghizstan
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
21 March 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
8 July 2025
Accessed Date:
18 February 2026
Title:
Situation générale. Kirghizistan. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
19 May 2024
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Social Security Around the World: Country Profiles.
Source:
International Social Security Association
Date of Document:
January 2024
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. BTI 2024 Country Report.
Date of Document:
March 2024
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. In Focus.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
19 March 2025
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Chapitre 3 : Kirghizstan. Rapport de mission en Asie centrale (Tadjikistan – Kazakhstan – Kirghizstan) du 13 au 30 octobre 2019.
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
30 October 2019
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
“When We Moved, They Shot”: Law of War Violations in the September 2022 Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan Border Conflict
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
2 May 2023
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Civic Freedom Monitor.
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
24 August 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2024
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 August 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. The State of the World's Human Rights: April 2025.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
April 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. World Report 2026: Events of 2025.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
9 January 2026
Accessed Date:
16 February 2026
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities, Heba Hagrass
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
28 January 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Nations in Transit 2024.
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Looking for Harmony: Addressing Discrimination and Inequality in Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Equal Rights Trust
Date of Document:
December 2016
Accessed Date:
9 August 2017
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
22 April 2024
Accessed Date:
16 May 2024
Title:
Kyrgystan and China: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), including relationship between China and Kyrgyzstan; activities of the organization involving the two countries (2012-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 February 2015
Accessed Date:
22 September 2015
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Parliament Weakens Torture Protection, Media Freedom
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
27 June 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: UN Experts Warn of ‘'Chilling'' Impact as Assault on Media, Journalists and Activists Intensifies
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
15 October 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Freedom in the World 2025.
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/1
Date of Document:
17 February 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Compilation on Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
25 January 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
13 January 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: New Rules Imposed on Foreign Non-Governmental Organizations
Source:
United States. Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Monitor.
Date of Document:
13 August 2024
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on Citizenship of the Kyrgyz Republic (including amendments dated February 22, 2023)
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Passports and ID Documents
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
20 February 2013
Accessed Date:
27 August 2013
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State
Accessed Date:
18 February 2026
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
International Election Observation Mission Kyrgyz Republic – Early Parliamentary Elections, 30 November 2025
Source:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights et al.
Date of Document:
30 November 2025
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Span elections amid deterioration of human rights
Source:
Norwegian Helsinki Committee
Date of Document:
28 November 2025
Accessed Date:
10 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Early Presidential Election and Referendum 10 January 2021. ODIHR Limited Election Observation Mission Final Report.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
4 June 2021
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Kyrgyzstan: Supreme Council.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Uluttar Birimdigi (UB) party, including whether the Uluttar Birimdigi has seats in the federal parliament; treatment of UB members by authorities; membership cards (2012-October 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 November 2016
Accessed Date:
20 September 2017
Title:
Kyrgyz Voters Approve Strong Presidential System in Constitutional Referendum
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
21 April 2021
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Election for President of 10 January 2021.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Inter-marriage between a Uyghur person and a Kyrgyz person, including treatment by society and the authorities (2011-April 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 April 2013
Accessed Date:
26 September 2014
Title:
Report to the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women. Re: shelters and protection orders for victims of violence against women in the Kyrgyz Republic.
Source:
American University of Central Asia. Law and Human Rights Department.
Date of Document:
8 March 2017
Author:
Meghan McCormack ; Aiymbubu Djaparkulova
Accessed Date:
9 August 2017
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Pressure Builds to Protect Women and Girls
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
28 May 2019
Accessed Date:
20 November 2019
Title:
Abused by Relatives, Ignored by the State
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
14 December 2023
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Kyrgyzstan
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
29 November 2021
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Important step forward for girls' rights in Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
5 October 2016
Accessed Date:
9 August 2017
Title:
Gender in Society Perception Study
Source:
United Nations Population Fund
Accessed Date:
8 November 2019
Title:
Country Gender Equality Profile: Kyrgyzstan
Source:
United Nations Entity For Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women
Author:
Silke Steinhilber, Anara Niyazova and Reina Arturova
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Insisting on Inclusion: Institutionalization and Barriers to Education for Children with Disabilities in Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
10 December 2020
Editor:
Hugh Williamson; Mihra Rittmann
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Women's Rights in the New Kyrgyz Constitution: Formalizing a ‘tradition' of suppression
Date of Document:
16 April 2021
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Violence against Women: Barriers to Accessing Justice, Fair Trial Rights, and the Right of Peaceful Assembly
Source:
American Bar Association Center for Human Rights
Date of Document:
December 2020
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Submission to the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women on the fifth periodic report of Kyrgyzstan: 80th Session
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
September 2021
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Report of the Working Group on discrimination against women and girls
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
8 May 2023
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
National Report on Violations of the Rights of Gay Men, other MSM and Trans People
Source:
Eurasian Coalition on Health, Rights, Gender and Sexual Diversity
Date of Document:
11 May 2023
Accessed Date:
16 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: A taboo concealing widespread hatred and violence. Challenging hate: Monitoring anti-LGBT “hate speech” and responses to it in Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine.
Date of Document:
February 2018
Accessed Date:
5 September 2018
Title:
Less Equal: LGBTI Human Rights Defenders in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 December 2017
Page Numbers:
31–36; 44–50
Accessed Date:
5 September 2018
Title:
La situation des minorités sexuelles et de genre
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
17 March 2017
Accessed Date:
20 November 2019
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe and Central Asia 2025.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
February 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Trans Legal Mapping Report 2019: Recognition before the law.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
September 2020
Author:
Zhan Chiam et al.
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic: Tier 2 Watch List. Trafficking in Persons Report 2025.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 September 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Country Reports on Terrorism 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 December 2024
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Civil Society Report on the implementation of Chapter II (Prevention) and Chapter V (Asset Recovery) of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Central Asian Research Institute on Corruption and Money Laundering
Date of Document:
23 February 2023
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Overview of corruption and anti-corruption in Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
Source:
Transparency International
Date of Document:
27 January 2021
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Kyrgyzstan.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
3 September 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Whistleblower Convicted for Exposing Corruption in Court System
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 May 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Legal System and Legal Research in the Kyrgyz Republic
Date of Document:
April 2021
Author:
Sultan Tolomushev ; Mirfozil Khasanov
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Torture in Kyrgyzstan: Crime without Punishment
Source:
Central Asian Bureau for Analytical Reporting
Date of Document:
2 April 2021
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
“We Live in Constant Fear”: Possession of Extremist Material in Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
17 September 2018
Accessed Date:
27 September 2018
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Extend Time for Massive Review of Laws
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
17 November 2021
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Johannesburg. Faculty of Law.
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan Moves to Curb Free Expression
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
4 July 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Freedom on the Net 2025.
Editor:
Shannon O'Toole; Tyler Roylance
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Vibrant Information Barometer 2024
Source:
International Research and Exchange Board
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Politically Motivated Prosecutions Amid Declining Media and Civic Space
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
28 May 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Media Workers Sentenced to Prison in Flawed Trial
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
19 September 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. World Press Freedom Index 2025.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. International Religious Freedom Report for 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
26 June 2024
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. 2025 Annual Report.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
25 March 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Country Update: Kyrgyzstan
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
October 2025
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Combined eleventh and twelfth periodic reports submitted by Kyrgyzstan under article 9 pf the Convention, due in 2022
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
15 June 2023
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Treatment of the Uyghur [Uighur] minority by society and authorities, including state protection provided to victims of violence and discrimination; Uyghur minority political groups, including activities (2012-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 February 2015
Accessed Date:
22 September 2015
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
March 2018
Accessed Date:
5 September 2018
Title:
Kirghizistan : La minorité doungane
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
15 May 2019
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kirghizistan : La minorité ouïgoure
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
6 June 2019
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Treatment of returnees, including failed asylum seekers, by authorities and society (2012-January 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 February 2015
Accessed Date:
22 September 2015
Title:
Invisible and exploited in Kazakhstan: the plight of Kyrgyz migrant workers and members of their families
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
June 2018
Accessed Date:
20 November 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan / Kirghizstan / Ouzbékistan : Traitement réservé par les autorités ouzbeks et kirghizes à leurs ressortissants extradés par les autorités kazakhes à la suite des manifestations de janvier 2022
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
28 June 2022
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 May 2024:
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
25 January 2022
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/kyrgyzstan/
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Situation générale. Kirghizistan. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
27 December 2021
URL:
http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/asie/kirghizistan-1General.htm
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. BTI 2022 Country Report.
Date of Document:
February 2022
URL:
https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report/KGZ
Accessed Date:
28 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. In Focus.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
25 January 2021
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF10304
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Amnesty International Report 2020/21: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
7 April 2021
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/POL1032022021ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. World Report 2022: Events of 2021.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2022
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2022/country-chapters/kyrgyzstan
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Nations in Transit 2021.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/kyrgyzstan/nations-transit/2021
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Freedom in the World 2021.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/kyrgyzstan/freedom-world/2021
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on Citizenship of the Kyrgyz Republic (amended 2012)
URL:
https://data.globalcit.eu/NationalDB/docs/Law%20on%20Citizenship%20of%20the%20Kyrgyz%20Republic%202007%20(as%20amended%20up%20to%202012)%20EN.pdf
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Kyrgyzstan.html
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe and Central Asia 2021.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
February 2021
URL:
https://www.ilga-europe.org/sites/default/files/Kyrgyzstan_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2021.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
1 July 2021
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-trafficking-in-persons-report/kyrgyz-republic/
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Country Reports on Terrorism 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
16 December 2021
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/country-reports-on-terrorism-2020/kyrgyz-republic/
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Kyrgyzstan.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
28 July 2021
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/7e0c25ce-7afc-4747-b3dd-1c2f0a33de8b
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Pretoria. Institute for International and Comparative Law in Africa.
URL:
https://www.policinglaw.info/country/kyrgyzstan
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Freedom on the Net 2021.
Editor:
Elisha Aaron et al.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/kyrgyzstan/freedom-net/2021
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. International Religious Freedom Report for 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 May 2021
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2020-report-on-international-religious-freedom/kyrgyzstan/
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kirghizistan. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
URL:
http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/cartes/Kirghizistan/1306086
Accessed Date:
27 September 2016
Title:
Civilians Harmed in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan Border Clashes
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 April 2021
Author:
Jonathan Pedneault; Syinat Sultanalieva
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/04/30/civilians-harmed-kyrgyzstan-tajikistan-border-clashes
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: End Discrimination and Tackle Impunity. Amnesty International Submission For The UN Universal Periodic Review, 35th Session of The UPR Working Group, January 2020.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
September 2019
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur58/0977/2019/en/
Accessed Date:
20 November 2019
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. The Danger of Standing up for Justice and Rights in Central Asia.
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights et al.
Date of Document:
27 March 2018
URL:
http://iphronline.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/The-danger-of-standing-up-for-justice-and-human-rights-in-Central-Asia-March-2018.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 September 2018
Title:
Kyrgyzstan at a Crossroads: Shrink or Widen the Scene for Human Rights Defenders
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights
Date of Document:
8 June 2016
URL:
https://www.fidh.org/en/issues/human-rights-defenders/kyrgyzstan-at-a-crossroads-shrink-or-widen-the-scene-for-human-rights
Accessed Date:
28 July 2016
Title:
Protection of Fundamental Rights in Kyrgyzstan. Briefing paper ahead of EU-Kyrgyzstan human rights dialogue, May 2019.
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights et al.
Date of Document:
May 2019
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Kyrgyzstan-EU-KG-HRD.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 November 2019
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/35/KGZ/1
Date of Document:
16 January 2020
URL:
https://undocs.org/A/HRC/WG.6/35/KGZ/1
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Compilation on Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/35/KGZ/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
11 November 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/35/KGZ/2
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/35/KGZ/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
5 November 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/A/HRC/WG.6/35/KGZ/3
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Restrictive “False'' Information and NGO Laws Adopted, Intimidation of Government Critics
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights et al.
Date of Document:
20 September 2021
URL:
https://monitor.civicus.org/updates/2021/09/20/restrictive-false-information-and-ngo-laws-adopted-intimidation-government-critics/
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Democratic 'Blackout'? Latest Kyrgyz Parliamentary Elections Can't Escape Controversy
Source:
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Date of Document:
29 November 2021
URL:
https://www.rferl.org/a/kyrgyzstan-elections-democratic-blackout/31585579.html
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Journalists and media face threats, attacks as ex-president is arrested
Source:
Legal Prosperity Foundation; International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
4 November 2019
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/kyrgyzstan-journalists-and-media-face-threats-attacks-as-ex-president-is-arrested.html
Accessed Date:
20 November 2019
Title:
International Election Observation Mission: Kyrgyz Republic – Parliamentary Elections, 28 November 2021. Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
URL:
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/6/5/505840_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
28 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
URL:
https://www.genderindex.org/wp-content/uploads/files/datasheets/2019/KG.pdf
Accessed Date:
27 February 2019
Title:
Fifth periodic report submitted by Kyrgyzstan under article 18 of the Convention, due in 2019
Date of Document:
5 April 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/CEDAW/C/KGZ/5
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
LGBT+ inclusion to sustainable development goals agenda: Leave no one behind
URL:
https://indigo.kg/uploads/File/2021/01/14/Spotlight-Review.-Kyrgyz-Indigo.docx.pdf
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Anti-corruption reforms in Kyrgyzstan: 4th round of monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
URL:
https://www.oecd.org/corruption/acn/OECD-ACN-Kyrgyzstan-4th-Round-Monitoring-Report-2018-ENG.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2021, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2021
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/International-Narcotics-Control-Strategy-Report-Volume-I-FINAL-1.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2021, Volume II: Money Laundering.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2021
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/21-00620-INLSR-Vol2_Report-FINAL.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan Corruption Report
Source:
GAN Integrity. Risk and Compliance Portal.
Date of Document:
July 2020
URL:
https://www.ganintegrity.com/portal/country-profiles/kyrgyzstan/
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Freedom of expression and ‘extremism'
Source:
Article 19; Media Policy Institute
Date of Document:
November 2020
URL:
https://www.article19.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/A19_KG-Extremism-report_Eng-v6.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Media Sustainability Index 2019.
Source:
International Research and Exchange Board
URL:
https://www.irex.org/sites/default/files/pdf/media-sustainability-index-europe-eurasia-2019-kyrgyzstan.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 November 2019
Title:
Introduction; Analysis of the Law. Kyrgyzstan: Law on Guarantees for Activity of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Date of Document:
August 2017
URL:
https://www.article19.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/170825-Kyrgyzstan-analysis-on-Activity-of-President.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 September 2018
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Mass Media Law must be improved to protect independent journalism
Date of Document:
14 August 2025
URL:
https://www.article19.org/resources/kyrgyzstan-mass-media-law-must-be-improved-to-protect-independent-journalism/
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan tightens control over media with new false news laws
Source:
Committee to Protect Journalists
Date of Document:
15 July 2025
URL:
https://cpj.org/2025/07/kyrgyzstan-tightens-control-over-media-with-new-false-news-laws/
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz parliament backs new state controls on media outlets
Date of Document:
26 June 2025
URL:
https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/kyrgyz-parliament-backs-new-state-controls-media-outlets-2025-06-26/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: State permission to exist still denied
Date of Document:
11 November 2016
URL:
http://www.forum18.org/archive.php?article_id=2230
Accessed Date:
10 August 2017
Title:
Religion and the Secular State in Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Silk Road Studies Program
Date of Document:
June 2020
URL:
https://www.silkroadstudies.org/resources/Religion_and_the_Secular_State_in_Kyrgyzstan_-_Johan_Engvall_-_10.06.20_-_FINAL_wCover.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined eighth to tenth periodic reports of Kyrgyzstan
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
30 May 2018
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CERD/C/KGZ/CO/8-10
Accessed Date:
5 September 2018
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Justice Elusive 10 Years On
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
9 June 2020
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/06/09/kyrgyzstan-justice-elusive-10-years
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Civic Freedom Monitor.
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
24 August 2025
URL:
https://www.icnl.org/resources/civic-freedom-monitor/kyrgyz
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
22 April 2024
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2023-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/kyrgyz-republic/
Accessed Date:
16 May 2024
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Early Presidential Election and Referendum 10 January 2021. ODIHR Limited Election Observation Mission Final Report.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
4 June 2021
URL:
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/7/0/488587_1.pdf
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Kyrgyzstan: Supreme Council.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
URL:
https://data.ipu.org/parliament/KG/KG-LC01/
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Uluttar Birimdigi (UB) party, including whether the Uluttar Birimdigi has seats in the federal parliament; treatment of UB members by authorities; membership cards (2012-October 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 November 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456804
Accessed Date:
20 September 2017
Title:
Kyrgyz Voters Approve Strong Presidential System in Constitutional Referendum
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
21 April 2021
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN11650
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Election for President of 10 January 2021.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/3650/
Accessed Date:
7 February 2022
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Politically Motivated Prosecutions Amid Declining Media and Civic Space
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
28 May 2025
URL:
https://iphronline.org/articles/kyrgyzstan-politically-motivated-prosecutions-amid-declining-media-and-civic-space/
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. World Press Freedom Index 2025.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
URL:
https://rsf.org/en/country/kyrgyzstan
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kirghizistan : La minorité doungane
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
15 May 2019
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/libraries/pdf.js/web/viewer.html?file=/sites/default/files/ofpra_flora/1905_kgz_dounganes.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Kirghizistan : La minorité ouïgoure
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
6 June 2019
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/libraries/pdf.js/web/viewer.html?file=/sites/default/files/ofpra_flora/1906_kgz_les_ouighours.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 February 2022
Title:
Présentation du Kirghizstan
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
21 March 2025
URL:
https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/kirghizstan/presentation-du-kirghizstan/
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Social Security Around the World: Country Profiles.
Source:
International Social Security Association
Date of Document:
January 2024
URL:
https://www.issa.int/node/195543?country=896
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
“When We Moved, They Shot”: Law of War Violations in the September 2022 Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan Border Conflict
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
2 May 2023
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2023/05/02/kyrgyzstan-tajikistan-border-conflict
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyz Republic. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2024
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 August 2025
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2024-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/kyrgyz-republic/
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities, Heba Hagrass
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
28 January 2025
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/58/56/Add.1
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Parliament Weakens Torture Protection, Media Freedom
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
27 June 2025
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/06/27/kyrgyzstan-parliament-weakens-torture-protection-media-freedom?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: UN Experts Warn of ‘'Chilling'' Impact as Assault on Media, Journalists and Activists Intensifies
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
15 October 2025
URL:
https://iphronline.org/articles/kyrgyzstan-un-experts-warn-of-chilling-impact-as-assault-on-media-journalists-and-activists-intensifies/
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/1
Date of Document:
17 February 2025
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/1
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Compilation on Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
25 January 2025
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/2
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Kyrgyzstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
13 January 2025
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/ A/HRC/WG.6/49/KGZ/3
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: New Rules Imposed on Foreign Non-Governmental Organizations
Source:
United States. Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Monitor.
Date of Document:
13 August 2024
URL:
https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2024-08-12/kyrgyzstan-new-rules-imposed-on-foreign-non-governmental-organizations/
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
International Election Observation Mission Kyrgyz Republic – Early Parliamentary Elections, 30 November 2025
Source:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights et al.
Date of Document:
30 November 2025
URL:
https://odihr.osce.org/sites/default/files/documents/official_documents/2025/12/KG%20Early%20Parliamentary%202025_PS_01.12.2025.pdf
Accessed Date:
30 January 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Span elections amid deterioration of human rights
Source:
Norwegian Helsinki Committee
Date of Document:
28 November 2025
URL:
https://nhc.no/en/kyrgyzstan-snap-elections-amid-deterioration-of-human-rights/
Accessed Date:
10 February 2026
Title:
Abused by Relatives, Ignored by the State
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
14 December 2023
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2023/12/14/abused-by-relatives-ignored-by-the-state/domestic-violence-against-and-neglect-of
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Country Gender Equality Profile: Kyrgyzstan
Source:
United Nations Entity For Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women
Author:
Silke Steinhilber, Anara Niyazova and Reina Arturova
URL:
https://eca.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2025-12/cgep_web.pdf
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Report of the Working Group on discrimination against women and girls
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
8 May 2023
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/53/39/Add.1
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
National Report on Violations of the Rights of Gay Men, other MSM and Trans People
Source:
Eurasian Coalition on Health, Rights, Gender and Sexual Diversity
Date of Document:
11 May 2023
URL:
https://ecom.ngo/en/news/report-on-the-violations-lgbt-kyrgyzstan/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Accessed Date:
16 February 2026
Title:
Civil Society Report on the implementation of Chapter II (Prevention) and Chapter V (Asset Recovery) of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in Kyrgyzstan
Source:
Central Asian Research Institute on Corruption and Money Laundering
Date of Document:
23 February 2023
URL:
https://uncaccoalition.org/uncacparallelreportkyrgyzstan/
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Whistleblower Convicted for Exposing Corruption in Court System
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 May 2025
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/05/30/kyrgyzstan-whistleblower-convicted-exposing-corruption-court-system
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan Moves to Curb Free Expression
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
4 July 2025
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/07/04/kyrgyzstan-moves-to-curb-free-expression
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. Vibrant Information Barometer 2024
Source:
International Research and Exchange Board
URL:
https://www.irex.org/sites/default/files/VIBE_2024_Kyrgyzstan.pdf
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan: Media Workers Sentenced to Prison in Flawed Trial
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
19 September 2025
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/09/19/kyrgyzstan-media-workers-sentenced-to-prison-in-flawed-trial
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kyrgyzstan. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. 2025 Annual Report.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
25 March 2025
URL:
https://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2025-04/Kyrgyzstan%202025%20USCIRF%20Annual%20Report.pdf
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Country Update: Kyrgyzstan
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
October 2025
URL:
https://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2025-10/2025%20Kyrgyzstan%20Country%20Update.pdf
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Combined eleventh and twelfth periodic reports submitted by Kyrgyzstan under article 9 pf the Convention, due in 2022
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
15 June 2023
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CERD/C/KGZ/11-12
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Title:
Kazakhstan / Kirghizstan / Ouzbékistan : Traitement réservé par les autorités ouzbeks et kirghizes à leurs ressortissants extradés par les autorités kazakhes à la suite des manifestations de janvier 2022
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
28 June 2022
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/libraries/pdf.js/web/viewer.html?file=/sites/default/files/ofpra_flora/2206_kaz_traitement_des_detenus_d__039_asie_centrale_156438_web.pdf
Accessed Date:
2 February 2026
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.