National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website. RIRs may have attachments that are not available online. To obtain a copy of any such attachment, please
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 June 2022
KAZAKHSTAN
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Geospatial Information Section.
Date of Document:
January 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Présentation du Kazakhstan
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
14 January 2022
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
15 June 2022
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan : Situation générale et données démolinguistiques. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
4 December 2021
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. BTI 2022 Country Report.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Date of Document:
February 2022
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
25 January 2021
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. Civic Freedom Monitor.
Source:
International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
24 July 2021
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Political and Economic Reforms in Kazakhstan Under President Tokayev
Source:
Silk Road Studies Program. Central Asia-Caucasus Institute.
Date of Document:
November 2021
Author:
Svante E. Cornell et al.
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2021.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 April 2022
Accessed Date:
27 May 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. Amnesty International Report 2021/22: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
29 March 2022
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. World Report 2022: Events of 2021.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2022
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. Nations in Transit 2021.
Accessed Date:
16 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom in the World 2022.
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Concluding observations on the second periodic report of Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Economic and Social Council
Date of Document:
29 March 2019
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
In the Name of Unity: Addressing Discrimination and Inequality in Kazakhstan
Source:
Equal Rights Trust
Date of Document:
December 2016
Accessed Date:
25 August 2017
Title:
Kazakhstan. The Danger of Standing up for Justice and Rights in Central Asia.
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
March 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
We are like dead souls”: Life without legal
capacity in Kazakhstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
12 October 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism on her visit to Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
22 January 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Central Asia: Respect Rights in Covid-19 Responses
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
23 April 2020
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
Information received from Kazakhstan on follow-up to the concluding observations on its second periodic report
Source:
United Nations. Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
Date of Document:
28 April 2021
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism on his visit to Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
15 January 2020
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Kazakhstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/34/KAZ/1
Date of Document:
16 October 2020
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
Compilation on Kazakhstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/34/KAZ/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
26 August 2019
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Kazakhstan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/34/KAZ/3
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
15 August 2019
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Key concerns and recommendations on the protection of fundamental rights in Kazakhstan
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
November 2021
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: widespread violations reported during ‘'Bloody January''
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
10 March 2022
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
The calm in Kazakhstan is restored, but the pressing questions on multiple human rights violations remain unanswered
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
25 January 2022
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Law on citizenship of the Republic of Kazakhstan 1991, 1017-XII
Accessed Date:
24 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Law on Documents of Identification 2013, No.73-V
Accessed Date:
24 June 2022
Title:
Obtaining an identity card and passport of Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
26 November 2021
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Republic of Kazakhstan. Election for Mazhilis (Kazakh House of Representatives) of 10 January 2021.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Republic of Kazakhstan. Election for President of 9 June 2019.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
2017 Constitutional Reform in Kazakhstan: increasing democracy without political pluralism?
Date of Document:
28 March 2017
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Source:
European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity
Date of Document:
26 September 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan : Le parti islamique de la
libération (Hizb ut-Tahrir al- Islamiyya, HT)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
3 January 2020
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan: Silenced dissent, sentencing of opposition activists, and still no right to peacefully assemble
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights; Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law
Date of Document:
29 October 2021
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Wave of political repression: witch hunts for activists, marred elections and scores of arrests
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
30 April 2021
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Parliamentary Elections in Kazakhstan
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
22 January 2021
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Republic of Kazakhstan: Parliamentary Elections 10 January 2021. ODIHR Limited Election Observation Mission Final Report.
Source:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
Date of Document:
26 March 2021
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Kazakhstan: Senate.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence 2009, No. 214-IV
Accessed Date:
24 June 2022
Title:
Law on State Guarantees of Equal Rights and Equal Opportunities of Men and Women 2009, No.223 – IV
Accessed Date:
24 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Little Help for Domestic Violence Survivors
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
17 October 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
“On the Margins”: Education for Children with Disabilities in Kazakhstan
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
14 March 2019
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Kazakhstan
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
12 November 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Lack of Refuge for Kazakhstan's Domestic Violence Survivors
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
9 April 2020
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2020 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor.
Source:
United States. Department of Labor.
Date of Document:
29 September 2021
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Protect Women's Rights
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
10 December 2021
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Examining the causes of femicide in Kazakhstan
Source:
Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies
Date of Document:
23 April 2021
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Redefining ‘women's work' in Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
13 December 2021
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
“That's When I Realized I Was Nobody”: A Climate of Fear for LGBT People in Kazakhstan
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
23 July 2015
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Title:
“Don't Provoke, Don't Challenge”: The Censorship and Self-Censorship of the LGBT Community in Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
December 2015
Accessed Date:
29 August 2016
Title:
Less Equal: LGBTI Human Rights Defenders in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyszstan.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 December 2017
Page Numbers:
18–19, 27–31, 38–41, 43
Accessed Date:
3 August 2018
Title:
Kazakhstan : Situation des minorités sexuelles et de genre
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
24 November 2017
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Situation of lesbian, bisexual and transgender women in Kazakhstan: Alternative report on implementation of the International Covenant on economic, social and cultural rights
Date of Document:
March 2018
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe and Central Asia 2022.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
10 February 2022
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Anti-Corruption Reforms in Kazakhstan. Fourth Round of Monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan: Progress update
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. Country Reports on Terrorism 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
16 December 2021
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2021.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
1 July 2021
Accessed Date:
16 August 2021
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Kazakhstan.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
8 March 2022
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Report on the prevention of Corruption in Kazakhstan (the viewpoint of civil society)
Source:
Civic Foundation Transparency Kazakhstan
Author:
Marat Shibutov et al.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
UPDATE: Laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan – Web Based Resources
Date of Document:
August 2019
Author:
Oleg Stalbovskiy et al.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Dead End Justice: Impunity for Torture in Kazakhstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
3 March 2016
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Title:
Fourth periodic report submitted by Kazakhstan under article 19 of the Convention pursuant to the optional reporting procedure, due in 2018
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
14 March 2019
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan: torture victims struggling to obtain justice after the January 2022 events
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
30 March 2022
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Infographic on the performance of the criminal-executive System of the ministry of internal affairs of the republic of Kazakhstan. The penitentiary system in the new reality: Report of online forum proceedings in Kazakhstan.
Source:
Penal Reform International et al.
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Kazakhstan: Killings, Excessive Use of Force in Almaty
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
26 January 2022
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Pretoria. Institute for International and Comparative Law in Africa.
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Think Before You Post: Closing Down Social Media Space in Kazakhstan
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
9 February 2017
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom on the Net 2021.
Author:
Adil Nurmakov; Yelzhan Kabyshev
Editor:
Elisha Aaron et al.
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Right to freedom of expression and ‘extremism' restrictions
Source:
Article 19; Media Legal Center
Date of Document:
November 2020
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. International Religious Freedom Report for 2021.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
2 June 2022
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2022.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2022
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Religion and the Secular State in Kazakhstan
Source:
Silk Road Studies Program. Central Asia-Caucasus Institute.
Date of Document:
April 2018
Author:
Svante E. Cornell et al.
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
The Fethullah Gülen movement (Hizmet movement), including activities and regions of operation; treatment by society and authorities; state protection (2016-July 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 July 2018
Accessed Date:
20 August 2019
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Kazakhstan: Discriminations et persécutions à l'encontre des citoyens kazakhstanais d'origine ouïghoure depuis l'année 2013
Source:
France. Office français de
protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
17 January 2018
Accessed Date:
13 August 2019
Title:
Kazakhstan: Les mouvements en lien avec les communautés kazakhes de Chine
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
22 May 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
July 2020
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan : La minorité russe.
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
7 November 2019
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Kazakhstan: Improper Prosecution of Asylum Seekers from China
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 January 2020
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Identity-based discrimination in Kazakhstan: Migrant Workers in Pandemic Times
Source:
Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies
Date of Document:
23 September 2020
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions
Title:
Kazakhstan: Independent Union Under Threat of Suspension
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
5 February 2021
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
A sustained crackdown on independent worker organising: Kazakhstan, a case study
Source:
Foreign Policy Centre
Date of Document:
22 July 2021
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 May 2022:
Title:
Présentation du Kazakhstan
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
5 May 2021
URL:
https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/kazakhstan/presentation-du-kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
11 August 2021
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
16 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan : Situation générale et données démolinguistiques. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
29 May 2020
URL:
http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/asie/kazakhstan-1General.htm
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
BTI 2020 Country Report — Kazakhstan
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
https://www.bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report-KAZ.html
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Amnesty International Report 2020/21: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
7 April 2021
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL1032022021ENGLISH.PDF
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. World Report 2021: Events of 2020.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2021
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2021/country-chapters/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom in the World 2021.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/kazakhstan/freedom-world/2021
Accessed Date:
4 August 2021
Title:
Law on Citizenship (1991, amended 2017)
URL:
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/6559/file/Kazakh_Citizenship_law_1991_am2013_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
28 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Kazakhstan.html
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Law on Documents of Identification (2013, amended 2014)
URL:
http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/6560/file/Kazakhstan_law_documents_identification_2013_am2014_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
25 August 2017
Title:
Obtaining an identity card and passport of Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
21 May 2021
URL:
https://egov.kz/cms/en/articles/faqs_passport_id?mobile=no
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence (2009, amended 2015)
URL:
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/8187/file/Kazakhstan_law_prevention_domestic_violence_2009_am2015_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
Law on State Guarantees of Equal Rights and Equal Opportunities of Men and Women (2009, amended 2013)
URL:
http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/6807/file/Kazakhstan_state_guarantees_equal_right_opportunities_men_women_2009_am2013_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 July 2017
Title:
Anti-Corruption Reforms in Kazakhstan. Fourth Round of Monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia
URL:
http://www.oecd.org/corruption/acn/OECD-ACN-Kazakhstan-Round-4-Monitoring-Report-ENG.pdf
Accessed Date:
29 August 2018
Title:
Kazakhstan. Country Reports on Terrorism 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
24 June 2020
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/country-reports-on-terrorism-2019/kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
28 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. Freedom on the Net 2020.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/kazakhstan/freedom-net/2020
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. International Religious Freedom Report for 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 May 2021
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2020-report-on-international-religious-freedom/kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2021.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2021
URL:
https://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2021-05/Kazakhstan%20Chapter%20AR2021.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Key concerns and recommendations on the protection of fundamental rights in Kazakhstan
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
November 2020
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Briefing-paper-FR-Kazakhstan.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan: Massive restrictions on expression during Covid-19; sudden banning of peaceful opposition
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
24 August 2020
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/kazakhstan-massive-restrictions-on-expression-during-covid-19-sudden-banning-of-peaceful-opposition.html
Accessed Date:
5 August 2021
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2020 Crime and Safety Report: Almaty.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
4 March 2020
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/ac71fe9d-c375-4b68-ab01-181e991d15af
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2020 Crime and Safety Report: Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana).
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
4 March 2020
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/6a600566-2b46-4946-bac2-181e36a0b681
Accessed Date:
10 August 2020
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
25 January 2021
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF10251
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. Civic Freedom Monitor.
Source:
International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
24 July 2021
URL:
https://www.icnl.org/resources/civic-freedom-monitor/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Political and Economic Reforms in Kazakhstan Under President Tokayev
Source:
Silk Road Studies Program. Central Asia-Caucasus Institute.
Date of Document:
November 2021
Author:
Svante E. Cornell et al.
URL:
https://www.silkroadstudies.org/resources/211201Kaz-Reforms.pdf
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Key concerns and recommendations on the protection of fundamental rights in Kazakhstan
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
November 2021
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/HR-Dialogue-FF-Kazakhstan-2021.pdf
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: widespread violations reported during ‘'Bloody January''
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
10 March 2022
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/kazakhstan-widespread-violations-reported-during-bloody-january.html
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
The calm in Kazakhstan is restored, but the pressing questions on multiple human rights violations remain unanswered
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
25 January 2022
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2022/01/the-calm-in-kazakhstan-is-restored-but-the-pressing-questions-on-multiple-human-rights-violations-remain-unanswered/
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Silenced dissent, sentencing of opposition activists, and still no right to peacefully assemble
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights; Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law
Date of Document:
29 October 2021
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/kazakhstan-civicus-april-july-2021.html
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Parliamentary Elections in Kazakhstan
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
22 January 2021
Author:
Maria A. Blackwood
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN11581
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
Republic of Kazakhstan: Parliamentary Elections 10 January 2021. ODIHR Limited Election Observation Mission Final Report.
Source:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
Date of Document:
26 March 2021
URL:
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/d/482292.pdf
Accessed Date:
9 June 2022
Title:
About parliament; Election results. Kazakhstan: Senate.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
URL:
https://data.ipu.org/content/kazakhstan?chamber_id=13437
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. 2020 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor.
Source:
United States. Department of Labor.
Date of Document:
29 September 2021
URL:
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Protect Women's Rights
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
10 December 2021
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/12/10/kazakhstan-protect-womens-rights
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Examining the causes of femicide in Kazakhstan
Source:
Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies
Date of Document:
23 April 2021
URL:
https://centralasiaprogram.org/examining-femicide-kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Redefining ‘women's work' in Kazakhstan
Date of Document:
13 December 2021
URL:
https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/redefining-womens-work-in-kazakhstan/
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe and Central Asia 2022.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
10 February 2022
URL:
https://ilga-europe.org/sites/default/files/KAZAKHSTAN.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 June 2022
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Kazakhstan.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
8 March 2022
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/ad1b010c-76c5-43bc-9abb-1d41ba4fdfa8
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: torture victims struggling to obtain justice after the January 2022 events
Source:
International Partnership for Human Rights
Date of Document:
30 March 2022
URL:
https://www.iphronline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Monitoring-torture-Kazakhstan.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Infographic on the performance of the criminal-executive System of the ministry of internal affairs of the republic of Kazakhstan. The penitentiary system in the new reality: Report of online forum proceedings in Kazakhstan.
Source:
Penal Reform International et al.
URL:
https://cdn.penalreform.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Kazakhstan-Forum-Report_Eng.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Killings, Excessive Use of Force in Almaty
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
26 January 2022
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/01/26/kazakhstan-killings-excessive-use-force-almaty
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Pretoria. Institute for International and Comparative Law in Africa.
URL:
https://www.policinglaw.info/country/kazakhstan
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan : La minorité russe.
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
7 November 2019
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/1911_kaz_minorite_russe.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Kazakhstan: Improper Prosecution of Asylum Seekers from China
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 January 2020
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/01/09/kazakhstan-improper-prosecution-asylum-seekers-china
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
Identity-based discrimination in Kazakhstan: Migrant Workers in Pandemic Times
Source:
Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies
Date of Document:
23 September 2020
URL:
https://centralasiaprogram.org/identity-based-discrimination-kazakhstan-migrant-workers-pandemic-times
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
Title:
A sustained crackdown on independent worker organising: Kazakhstan, a case study
Source:
Foreign Policy Centre
Date of Document:
22 July 2021
URL:
https://fpc.org.uk/a-sustained-crackdown-on-independent-worker-organising-kazakhstan-a-case-study/
Accessed Date:
21 June 2022
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