National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 March 2020
ALGERIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
8 November 2012
Title:
Algérie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
22 August 2016
Title:
Algeria. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
9 July 2019
Accessed Date:
25 July 2019
Title:
Atlas: Middle East & North Africa
Source:
Austria. Federal Ministry of the Interior.
Page Numbers:
9-10, 19-20, 29-30, 39-40
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Algeria: Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
September 2017
Accessed Date:
23 August 2018
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health on his visit to Algeria
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
20 April 2017
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Algeria: Background information, including actors of protection and internal relocation. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
23 August 2018
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Algeria: Fear of Islamic Terrorist Groups. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
23 August 2018
Title:
Algeria. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
Accessed Date:
11 March 2020
Title:
Algeria. Human Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Review of 2018
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
26 February 2019
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
Algeria. Freedom in the World 2019.
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/2: Algeria
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/27/DZA/1
Date of Document:
20 February 2017
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Algeria. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Algeria. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
Code de la nationalité algérienne (modifié en 2005)
Accessed Date:
8 November 2012
Keywords:
legislation; nationality
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain passports and national identity cards, both from within and outside the country (2017-July 2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 July 2019
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
Whether a divorce is automatically indicated on a person's marriage and birth certificates when it is finalized, or whether a person has to make a request for this information to appear on these two documents; if the person has to appeal to ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 April 2014
Accessed Date:
21 August 2014
Keywords:
identity documents; legal system; marriage
Title:
Requirements and procedures for obtaining a birth certificate, an extract of the 12-S birth certificate, and a national identity card, including the regional governments responsible for issuing the documents; whether it is possible to obtain...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 June 2014
Accessed Date:
28 August 2014
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Loi n° 14-03 du 24 Rabie Ethani 1435 correspondant au 24 février 2014 relative aux titres et documents de voyage
Accessed Date:
23 August 2018
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
The Movement for the Self-Determination of Kabylia (Mouvement pour l'autodétermination de la Kabylie, MAK), including its activities and the treatment of MAK members by the authorities and Islamists; treatment of Berbers by the authorities...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
29 August 2017
Accessed Date:
29 August 2018
Title:
Algeria's South: Trouble's Bellwether. Middle East & North Africa Report N°171.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
21 November 2016
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Civic Freedom Monitor: Algeria
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
9 October 2018
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Algeria.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
23 August 2018
Title:
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Election for Al-Majlis Ech-Chaabi Al-Watani (Algerian National People's Assembly) of 4 May 2017.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Election for President of 17 April 2014.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
21 August 2014
Keywords:
election; political activities; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Algeria profile - Timeline
Source:
British Broadcasting Corporation. News Africa.
Date of Document:
9 April 2019
Accessed Date:
24 July 2019
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Situation of single or divorced women living alone, particularly in Algiers; whether they can find work and housing; support services available to them (2012-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 August 2015
Accessed Date:
25 August 2015
Keywords:
family law; freedom of movement; gender equality; labour; social services
Title:
Algeria. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
“Your Destiny is to Stay with Him”: State Response to Domestic Violence in Algeria
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
23 April 2017
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Forced marriages, including state protection and resources provided to women who try to avoid a marriage imposed on them; amendments made to the Family Code in 2005 (2011-November 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
29 November 2013
Accessed Date:
28 August 2014
Keywords:
children; gender equality; legislation; marriage; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; social services
Title:
Loi n° 15-19 du 18 Rabie El Aouel 1437 correspondant au 30 décembre 2015 modifiant et complétant l'ordonnance n° 66-156 du 8 juin 1966 portant code pénal. Journal officiel de la République Algérienne Démocratique et Populaire. N° 71. 54ème année.
Accessed Date:
22 August 2016
Keywords:
domestic violence; legislation
Title:
Situation des mères célibataires
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés apatrides.
Date of Document:
11 April 2016
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Algeria. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2019.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
March 2019
Author:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
Situation of sexual minorities, including treatment by authorities and societal attitudes; availability of legal recourse, state protection and support services (2010-July 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 August 2013
Accessed Date:
28 August 2013
Keywords:
crime; freedom of assembly; legal system; legislation; marriage; police/security forces; sexual minorities; social services
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Algeria: Tier 2 Watch List. Trafficking in Persons Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 June 2019
Accessed Date:
24 July 2019
Title:
Algeria. 2019 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
14 March 2019
Accessed Date:
24 July 2019
Title:
Crime situation, including organized crime; police and state response, including effectiveness; state protection for witnesses and victims of crime (2015-August 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 August 2017
Accessed Date:
27 April 2018
Title:
Algeria. Country Reports on Terrorism 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
19 September 2018
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
Recourse against corruption, including its effectiveness; the National Anti-corruption Association (association nationale de lutte contre la corruption, ANLC) (2013-March 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 March 2014
Accessed Date:
28 August 2014
Keywords:
corruption; government corruption; political organizations
Title:
Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
Source:
Stanford University. Mapping Militant Organizations.
Date of Document:
1 July 2016
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
Information on military card, documents regarding deferral and exemption; description of those documents; procedure and conditions for obtaining deferral and exemption documents (2007-September 2010)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 October 2010
Accessed Date:
8 November 2012
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Algeria: Conscription
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
31 May 2018
Accessed Date:
24 July 2019
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Algeria: Constitution Needs Stronger Human Rights Safeguards
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
1 February 2016
Accessed Date:
12 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; gender equality; human rights activists; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; political activities; race; religion; sexual minorities; social services; torture
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Requirements and procedure for reporting an incident to the police, gendarmerie or prosecutor; requirements and procedure for obtaining a copy of a report written by the police, gendarmerie or prosecutor; recourse mechanisms with respect to ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 April 2017
Accessed Date:
29 August 2017
Title:
Algerian National Media: Freedom at a Cost
Source:
London School of Economics. Middle East Centre.
Date of Document:
February 2017
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Algeria: The invisible hand of power over the media
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Date of Document:
22 December 2016
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Algeria. International Religious Freedom Report for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
21 June 2019
Accessed Date:
24 July 2019
Title:
Algeria : Non-Muslim minorities in Algeria
Source:
Human Rights Without Frontiers International
Date of Document:
15 September 2016
Accessed Date:
5 July 2017
Title:
Situation of individuals who have converted from Islam to Christianity, including treatment by society and authorities; availability of state protection (2014-May 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
30 June 2015
Accessed Date:
24 August 2015
Keywords:
legislation; religion
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Treatment of Berbers including social, economic and political issues
Source:
Ireland. Refugee Documentation Centre.
Date of Document:
18 December 2015
Accessed Date:
12 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; conflict; ethnic and national groups; human rights activists; minorities; religion
Title:
Algeria. The Indigenous World 2019.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
April 2019
Accessed Date:
24 July 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined twentieth and twenty-first periodic reports of Algeria
Code:
CERD/C/DZA/CO/20-21
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
21 December 2017
Accessed Date:
23 August 2018
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Treatment of failed refugee claimants returned to Algeria; whether low-ranking police officers or members of the security forces would be subject to any reprisals from state authorities (2007-July 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 August 2014
Accessed Date:
11 August 2014
Keywords:
extremist/terrorist organizations; legal system; legislation; police/security forces; rejected asylum seekers; trafficking in persons
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 July 2019:
Title:
Algeria. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 March 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/algeria/
Accessed Date:
19 March 2019
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.