National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website. RIRs may have attachments that are not available online. To obtain a copy of any such attachment, please
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 September 2019
SYRIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Title:
Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
April 2012
Accessed Date:
16 July 2013
Title:
Syrie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
5 November 2012
Title:
Syria. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
23 September 2019
Accessed Date:
26 September 2019
Title:
Syrian Arab Republic: Humanitarian Atlas. Reference Maps.
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
29 September 2017
Title:
EASO COI Meeting Report: Syria. 30 November and 1 December 2017, Valletta, Malta
Source:
European Union. European Asylum Support Office
Date of Document:
March 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Syria: the Syrian Civil War. Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
August 2016
Accessed Date:
21 September 2016
Title:
Whole of Syria. 2018 Protection Needs Overview.
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Protection Sector.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Recent Conflict Developments. Armed Conflict in Syria: Overview and U.S. Response
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
25 March 2019
Author:
Carla E. Humud et al.
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Relevant Country of Origin Information to Assist with the Application of UNHCR's Country Guidance on Syria. 'Illegal Exit' from Syria and Related Issues for Determining the International Protection Needs of Asylum-Seekers from Syria.
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
February 2017
Accessed Date:
30 August 2017
Title:
Syria: Conflict Without Borders. Numbers and Locations of Refugees and IDPs as of February 4, 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State. Humanitarian Information Unit.
Date of Document:
9 February 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syrie. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
2 July 2018
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
International Protection Considerations with Regard to People Fleeing the Syrian Arab Republic, Update V
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Islamic State territorial losses between January 2015 and 26 June 2017
Source:
IHS Conflict Monitor
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Siege Watch. Tenth Quarterly Report Part 1 – Eastern Ghouta February – April 2018.
Date of Document:
25 June 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria: Security Situation in Damascus Province and Issues Regarding Return to Syria
Source:
Denmark. The Danish Immigration Service
Date of Document:
February 2019
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Syria: Fact-Finding Mission to Beirut and Damascus, April 2018
Source:
Finland. Finnish Immigration Service
Date of Document:
14 December 2018
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Syrie: Reconquête du Sud par l'armée syrienne et accord de reddition
Source:
Switzerland. Swiss Refugee Council.
Date of Document:
21 March 2019
Accessed Date:
21 March 2019
Title:
Syrian Arab Republic. 2019 Humanitarian Needs Overview
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
1 March 2019
Author:
Carla E. Humud et al.
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Socioeconomic Impact of Displacement Waves in Northern Syria
Source:
IMPACT Civil Society Research and Development
Date of Document:
May 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syria. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 March 2019
Accessed Date:
18 March 2019
Title:
Syria. Human Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Review of 2018
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
26 February 2019
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Syria. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Report of the Secretary-General.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
12 February 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. Freedom in the World 2019.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2019
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21. Syrian Arab Republic.
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/26/SYR/1
Date of Document:
28 September 2016
Accessed Date:
31 August 2017
Title:
Destruct to Reconstruct. How the Syrian Regime Capitalises on Property Destruction and Land Legislation.
Source:
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
Date of Document:
July 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Syria: Detention, Harassment in Retaken Areas
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 May 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council. Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic.
Date of Document:
9 August 2018
Accessed Date:
18 September 2018
Title:
Implementation of Security Council resolutions 2139 (2014), 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015) and 2332 (2016). Report of the Secretary-General.
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
24 August 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Legislative Decree 276 - Nationality Law
Accessed Date:
5 November 2012
Title:
Syria. U. S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain, renew, and replace passports and national identity cards, including in Canada and in neighbouring countries; information and details contained in each document, including physical characteristics (2015-July 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 September 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Procedure for Syrians of Armenian origin to obtain Armenian citizenship from other countries, such as Canada
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 October 2013
Accessed Date:
7 March 2014
Title:
Passport renewal options, requirements and procedures for Syrians living abroad, specifically those living in Canada and Greece (January-July 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
30 July 2013
Accessed Date:
7 March 2014
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; human rights activists; identity documents; legislation; minorities; political activities; political opposition; religion; state surveillance
Title:
The legal rights and obligations of a Palestinian who has been issued a Syrian travel document, including whether they must report for military service; whether the rights and obligations apply to Palestinians that have resided outside of the ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 November 2013
Accessed Date:
7 March 2014
Keywords:
citizenship; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of movement; identity documents; legislation; military service; nationality; social services
Title:
Understanding statelessness in the Syria refugee context
Source:
Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion; Norwegian Refugee Council
Author:
Zahra Albarazi; Laura van Waas
Accessed Date:
31 August 2017
Title:
Nationality, Documentation, and Statelessness in Syria
Source:
Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion; Norwegian Refugee Council
Accessed Date:
31 August 2017
Title:
Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates: Work and residence permits; citizenship rights for children born to Syrians in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 August 2014
Accessed Date:
28 August 2014
Keywords:
children; gender equality; identity documents; nationality
Title:
Syrian refugees' right to legal identity: implications for return
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council
Date of Document:
26 January 2017
Accessed Date:
31 August 2017
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Syria.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Keeping the Calm in Southern Syria. Middle East Report Nº187.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
21 June 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Eastern Expectations: The Changing Dynamics in Syria's Tribal Regions
Source:
Carnegie Middle East Center
Date of Document:
28 February 2017
Author:
Kheder Khaddour; Kevin Mazur
Accessed Date:
31 August 2017
Title:
Perceptions of Governance – The Experience of Local Administrative Councils in Opposition-held Syria
Source:
Swiss Peace Foundation
Date of Document:
January 2017
Author:
Bahjat Hajjar et al.
Accessed Date:
31 August 2017
Title:
The PKK's Fateful Choice in Northern Syria. Middle East Report N°176.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
4 May 2017
Accessed Date:
31 August 2017
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Syria: Situation report on Violence against Women
Source:
Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network et al.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
“You want freedom? This is your freedom”: Rape as a Tactic of the Assad Regime.
Source:
London School of Economics. Centre for Women, Peace and Security.
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
5 September 2017
Title:
“I lost my dignity”: Sexual and gender-based violence in the Syrian Arab Republic. Conference room paper of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
8 March 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
“Most of the men want to leave”: Armed groups, displacement and the gendered webs of vulnerability in Syria
Source:
International Alert
Date of Document:
July 2017
Author:
Lana Khattab; Henri Myrttinen
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Women, work and war: Syrian women and the struggle to survive five years of conflict
Date of Document:
March 2016
Author:
Beatrix Buecher, James Rwampigi Aniyamuzaala
Accessed Date:
7 September 2016
Title:
Hitting Rock Bottom: How 2016 Became the Worst Year for Syria's Children
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Syrie : violence sexuelle et violence liée au genre
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
19 April 2018
Accessed Date:
16 September 2019
Title:
Syrian Arab Republic. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
14 February 2019
Title:
Syria: Marriage legislation and traditions
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
22 August 2018
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Voices from Syria 2019: Assessment Findings of the Humanitarian Needs Overview
Source:
United Nations Population Fund
Date of Document:
10 March 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of the Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Rights of the Child.
Date of Document:
6 March 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syria. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2019
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
March 2019
Author:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Syria: Tier 3. Trafficking in Persons Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 June 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Information on the opposition forces involved in abductions and extortions and their areas of operation in the country; frequency of abductions and extortions of civilians committed by rebel groups; whether rebel groups target particular ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 September 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
All Feasible Precautions? Civilian Casualties in Anti-ISIS Coalition Airstrikes in Syria.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
24 September 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Death by Chemicals: The Syrian Government's Widespread and Systematic Use of Chemical Weapons.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
1 May 2017
Accessed Date:
5 September 2017
Title:
“War of Annihilation”: Devastating Toll on Civilians, Raqqa – Syria
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
5 June 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
The siege and recapture of eastern Ghouta. Conference room paper of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
20 June 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
'We had Nowhere to Go' - Forced Displacement and Demolitions in Northern Syria
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
13 October 2015
Accessed Date:
18 December 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; internal displacement; nationality; police/security forces; religion; torture
Title:
Compulsory military service, including age of recruitment, length of service; occasions where proof of military service status is required; whether the government can recall individuals who have already completed their compulsory military service...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 August 2014
Accessed Date:
29 August 2014
Keywords:
freedom of movement; legislation; military service; police/security forces
Title:
Changes to legal exemptions from compulsory military service, including implementation (January-July 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 September 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Syria: Update on Military Service, Mandatory Self-Defence Duty and Recruitment to the YPG
Source:
Danish Refugee Council; Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
September 2015
Accessed Date:
18 December 2015
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; conflict; corruption; disappeared persons; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; gender equality; humanitarian situation; identity documents; institutional efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; map; military service; minorities; nationality; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political prisoners; religion; social services; statistics; torture; transport infrastructure
Title:
Syria: Military Service, National Defense Forces, Armed Groups Supporting Syrian Regime and Armed Opposition
Source:
Finland. Finnish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
23 August 2016
Accessed Date:
22 September 2016
Title:
Syrie: recrutement forcé, refus de servir, désertion
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
23 March 2017
Accessed Date:
5 September 2017
Title:
Syria. Recruitment Practices in Government-controlled Areas and in Areas under Opposition Control, Involvement of Public Servants and Civilians in the Armed Conflict and Issues Related to Exiting Syria.
Source:
Danish Refugee Council; Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Syrie: recrutement de Kurdes apatrides dans l'armée syrienne
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
21 January 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syria : Reactions against deserters and draft evaders
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
3 January 2018
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
ILAC Rule of Law Assessment Report: Syria 2017
Source:
International Legal Assistance Consortium
Date of Document:
19 April 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
La justice syrienne : faillite d'un système
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
21 April 2016
Accessed Date:
22 September 2016
Title:
La justice dans les territoires hors du contrôle gouvernemental : Système judiciaire dans les territoires de l'insurrection syrienne depuis 2011
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
1 June 2016
Accessed Date:
22 September 2016
Title:
Detention in the Syrian Arab Republic: A Way Forward
Source:
United Nations. Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic.
Date of Document:
8 March 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Out of Sight, Out of Mind: Deaths in Detention in the Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
3 February 2016
Accessed Date:
7 September 2016
Title:
Human Slaughterhouse: Mass Hangings and Extermination at Saydnaya Prison, Syria
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
7 February 2017
Accessed Date:
5 September 2017
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Les « chabbiha » ou miliciens pro-régime
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
2 November 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Traitement des combattants de l'Armée Syrienne Libre (ASL) prisonniers de l'organisation Etat Islamique (EI)
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
27 April 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Strength in Weakness: The Syrian Army's Accidental Resilience
Source:
Carnegie Middle East Center
Date of Document:
14 March 2016
Accessed Date:
5 September 2017
Title:
Who's Who in Syria's Civil War
Source:
Council on Foreign Relations
Date of Document:
28 April 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Assad Rex? Assessing the autonomy of Syrian armed groups fighting for the regime
Source:
Clingendael: Netherlands Institute of International Relations
Date of Document:
September 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. Freedom on the Net 2018.
Date of Document:
October 2018
Accessed Date:
29 January 2019
Title:
Syria. International Religious Freedom Report for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
21 June 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Murshidis [Murshidiyya], including their treatment, particularly in the city of Latakia (2014-April 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 April 2016
Accessed Date:
22 September 2016
Title:
The situation of Shias and Alawites, including treatment by authorities and insurgents; whether insurgents consider Shias and Alawites to be loyal to President al-Assad (March 2011-May 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 June 2013
Accessed Date:
29 July 2013
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; conflict; ethnic and national groups; minorities; nationality; political activities; political opposition; statistics
Title:
Situation of atheists or individuals who are perceived to be atheists; treatment by society and authorities; state protection available (2013-July 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 August 2015
Accessed Date:
24 August 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; conflict; corruption; crime; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; identity documents; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; nationality; penal system; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; torture
Title:
The situation of Christians, including whether Christians are perceived to be loyal to President Assad; treatment of Christians by the regime and the opposition forces, including incidents of violence against them; state protection (2013-July 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 August 2015
Accessed Date:
24 August 2015
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; corruption; corruption; corruption; corruption; country overview; crime; crime; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; Internet; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; nationality; penal system; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; social services; statistics; torture
Title:
Situation of Jehovah's Witnesses, including treatment by society and authorities; state protection available in cases of discrimination or mistreatment (2009-November 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 November 2013
Accessed Date:
7 March 2014
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; religion; state surveillance
Title:
Beliefs and practices of Coptic Christians in Egypt and Syriac Orthodox Christians in Syria, including sacraments, holy days, symbols and official documents; history and structure of the Coptic Church and Syriac Church, including leadership
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 October 2013
Accessed Date:
19 December 2013
Title:
Syria. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2019
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syria. Religious Pluralism in the Middle East. Report 2018 – VI.
Source:
Center for Religious Pluralism in the Middle East
Date of Document:
10 July 2018
Accessed Date:
16 September 2019
Title:
Christians in Syria: Current Situation and Future Outlook
Source:
Konrad Adenauer Stiftung
Date of Document:
7 February 2017
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
Title:
Assyrians Under Kurdish Rule. The Situation in Northeastern Syria.
Source:
Assyrian Confederation of Europe
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
Title:
Syrie : Les communautés ethniques et religieuses depuis le début du conflit
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
17 November 2016
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
“They came to destroy”: ISIS Crimes Against the Yazidis
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council
Date of Document:
15 June 2016
Accessed Date:
7 September 2016
Title:
Palestinians of Syria: Life under restrictions. Annual Field Report on the Situation of the Palestinians of Syria in 2017
Source:
Action Group for Palestinians of Syria; Palestinian Return Centre
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Situation of the Druze, including whether they are perceived to be loyal to President Assad by the insurgent groups; treatment by the authorities and the insurgent groups (January 2015-November 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 November 2015
Accessed Date:
17 December 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; ethnic and national groups; freedom of expression; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion
Title:
Syria. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
May 2018
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syrie : Les personnes déplacées d'origine arabe dans la région d'Al Hol
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
14 September 2016
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
Title:
Kurdish political parties in Syria. The Kurds: History, Religion, Language, Politics
Source:
Austrian Federal Office for Immigration and Asylum, COI unit
Accessed Date:
11 December 2015
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; minorities; nationality; political activities; political opposition; political organizations
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
“I Have No Idea Why They Sent Us Back”: Jordanian Deportations and Expulsions of Syrian Refugees
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
October 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons on his mission to the Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
5 April 2016
Accessed Date:
7 September 2016
Title:
Exit controls and procedures at Damascus International Airport, including whether a foreigner's passport is stamped upon departure; whether airport authorities verify upon departure if a foreigner entered the country legally; consequences if...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
31 January 2014
Accessed Date:
7 March 2014
Keywords:
freedom of movement; transport infrastructure
Title:
Treatment of returnees upon arrival at Damascus International Airport and international land border crossing points, including failed refugee claimants, people who exited the country illegally, and people who have not completed military service...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 January 2016
Accessed Date:
22 September 2016
Title:
Returnees in Syria: Sustainable reintegration and durable solutions, or a return to displacement?
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
3RP Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2018-2019 in Response to the Syria Crisis. 2018 Progress Report.
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; Unites Nations Development Programme
Date of Document:
June 2018
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syrian and Palestinian (in Lebanon and Exiting Syria) Refugees in Lebanon
Source:
Finland. Finnish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
29 September 2016
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
Title:
No Return to Homs. A case study on demographic engineering in Syria.
Date of Document:
21 February 2017
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
Title:
Displacement, housing land and property and access to civil documentation in the south of the Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; Norwegian Refugee Council
Date of Document:
July 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Displacement, housing, land and property and access to civil documentation in the north west of the Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; Norwegian Refugee Council
Date of Document:
July 2017
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Syria: Residents Blocked From Returning: Government Demolishes Homes, Denies Property Rights
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
16 October 2018
Accessed Date:
16 September 2019
Title:
Syria: Consequences of illegal exit, consequences of leaving a civil servant position without notice and the situation of Kurds in Damascus
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service
Date of Document:
June 2019
Accessed Date:
16 September 2019
Title:
Exit controls and procedures at Damascus International Airport, including whether a foreigner's passport is stamped upon departure; whether airport authorities verify upon departure if a foreigner entered the country legally, including consequences ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 September 2019
Accessed Date:
26 September 2019
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 29 March 2019:
Title:
Syria. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
29 August 2018
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sy.html
Accessed Date:
18 September 2018
Title:
Recent Conflict Developments. Armed Conflict in Syria: Overview and U.S. Response
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
21 August 2018
Author:
Carla E. Humud et al.
URL:
https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RL33487.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2018
Title:
Syrie. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
7 March 2018
URL:
http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/asie/syrie.htm
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. World Report 2018: Events of 2017.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2018
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2018/country-chapters/syria
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. Freedom in the World 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2018/syria
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. U. S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country.html
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2017: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2017
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Ramón Mendos
URL:
http://ilga.org/downloads/2017/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2017_WEB.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 September 2017
Title:
Syria. International Religious Freedom Report for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 May 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2017-report-on-international-religious-freedom/syria/
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2018
URL:
http://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2018USCIRFAR.pdf
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Syria. Religious Pluralism in the Middle East. Report 2017 – IV.
Source:
Center for Religious Pluralism in the Middle East
Date of Document:
14 November 2017
URL:
http://www.crpme.gr/images/reports/crpme_report_4.pdf
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
3RP Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017 in Response to the Syria Crisis. 2016 Annual Report.
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; Unites Nations Development Programme
Date of Document:
April 2017
URL:
http://www.3rpsyriacrisis.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/3RP-2016-Annual-Report.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
Title:
Syria. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/middle-east-and-north-africa/syria/report-syria/
Accessed Date:
7 September 2018
Title:
Open Season: Building Syria's Surveillance State
Source:
Privacy International
Date of Document:
12 December 2016
URL:
https://www.privacyinternational.org/report/1016/open-season-building-syrias-surveillance-state
Accessed Date:
6 September 2017
Title:
Syrie: la citoyenneté pour les Ajanib
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
3 July 2013
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/524fdb364.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 August 2014
Keywords:
citizenship; ethnic and national groups; identity documents; legislation; military service; minorities; nationality
Title:
Societal Attitudes toward Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in Syria
Source:
Syria Justice and Accountability Centre
Date of Document:
December 2015
URL:
https://syriaaccountability.org/library/societal-attitudes-toward-sexual-and-gender-based-violence-in-syria/
Accessed Date:
5 September 2017
Title:
Syrie: La situation des minorités sexuelles et de genre
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
16 January 2015
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/didr_fiche_thematique_syrie_la_situation_des_minorites_sexuelles_et_de_genre_ofpra_11.05.2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 September 2016
Title:
Syria: Tier 3. Trafficking in Persons Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2017-trafficking-in-persons-report/syria/
Accessed Date:
18 September 2018
Title:
Syria. Freedom of the Press 2017.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2017/syria
Accessed Date:
8 September 2018
Title:
Situation of bloggers (Internet) in Syria and their treatment by the authorities (2011-2012)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 January 2013
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454680
Accessed Date:
29 July 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of the press; government corruption; Internet; state surveillance; torture
Title:
Palestinians of Syria and the Closed Doors. Semi-Annual Field Report on the Situation of the Palestinians of Syria for the Period from July to the End of December 2016.
Source:
Action Group for Palestinians of Syria; Palestinian Return Centre
Editor:
Ibrahim Al-Ali; Tarek Hamoud
URL:
http://www.actionpal.org.uk/en/reports/special/closeddoor2016.pdf
Accessed Date:
27 September 2017
Title:
Steps Toward Stabilising Syria's Northern Border. Crisis Group Middle East Briefing N°49.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
8 April 2016
URL:
https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/eastern-mediterranean/syria/steps-toward-stabilising-syria-s-northern-border
Accessed Date:
7 September 2016
Title:
Syria: Security Situation in Damascus Province and Issues Regarding Return to Syria
Source:
Denmark. The Danish Immigration Service
Date of Document:
February 2019
URL:
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2003890/Syrien_FFM_rapport_2019_Final_31012019.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Syria: Fact-Finding Mission to Beirut and Damascus, April 2018
Source:
Finland. Finnish Immigration Service
Date of Document:
14 December 2018
URL:
https://migri.fi/documents/5202425/5914056/Syria_Fact-finding+mission+to+Beirut+and+Damascus%2C+April+2018.pdf/0eb6cab5-fa4e-b70c-497c-6903c636c43e/Syria_Fact-finding+mission+to+Beirut+and+Damascus%2C+April+2018.pdf.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Syrie: Reconquête du Sud par l'armée syrienne et accord de reddition
Source:
Switzerland. Swiss Refugee Council.
Date of Document:
21 March 2019
URL:
https://www.refugeecouncil.ch/assets/herkunftslaender/mittlerer-osten-zentralasien/syrien/190321-syr-sueden-abkommen-fr.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 March 2019
Title:
Syrian Arab Republic. 2019 Humanitarian Needs Overview
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
1 March 2019
Author:
Carla E. Humud et al.
URL:
https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/2019-humanitarian-needs-overview-syrian-arab-republic-enar
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Socioeconomic Impact of Displacement Waves in Northern Syria
Source:
IMPACT Civil Society Research and Development
Date of Document:
May 2019
URL:
https://www.paxforpeace.nl/publications/all-publications/socioeconomic-impact-of-displacement-waves-in-northern-syria
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syria. Human Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Review of 2018
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
26 February 2019
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde01/9433/2019/en/
Accessed Date:
13 September 2019
Title:
Syria: Detention, Harassment in Retaken Areas
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 May 2019
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/05/21/syria-detention-harassment-retaken-areas
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syrie : violence sexuelle et violence liée au genre
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
19 April 2018
URL:
https://www.osar.ch/assets/herkunftslaender/mittlerer-osten-zentralasien/syrien/180419-syr-sexuelle-gewalt-regime-fr.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 September 2019
Title:
Syria: Marriage legislation and traditions
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
22 August 2018
URL:
https://landinfo.no/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Report-Syria-Marriage-legislation-and-traditions-22082018.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Voices from Syria 2019: Assessment Findings of the Humanitarian Needs Overview
Source:
United Nations Population Fund
Date of Document:
10 March 2019
URL:
https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/whole-of-syria/document/gbv-voices-wos-hno-2017-booklet-format
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of the Syrian Arab Republic
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Rights of the Child.
Date of Document:
6 March 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/CRC/C/SYR/CO/5
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syrie: recrutement de Kurdes apatrides dans l'armée syrienne
Source:
Swiss Refugee Council
Date of Document:
21 January 2019
URL:
https://www.osar.ch/assets/herkunftslaender/mittlerer-osten-zentralasien/syrien/190121-syr-rekrutierung-staatenlose-kurden-fr.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syria : Reactions against deserters and draft evaders
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
3 January 2018
URL:
https://www.cgra.be/sites/default/files/rapporten/landinfo_report_syria._reactions_against_deserters_and_draft_evaders.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Palestinians of Syria: Life under restrictions. Annual Field Report on the Situation of the Palestinians of Syria in 2017
Source:
Action Group for Palestinians of Syria; Palestinian Return Centre
URL:
https://www.actionpal.org.uk/en/reports/special/prslifeunderrestrictions2017.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 September 2019
Title:
Syria: Residents Blocked From Returning: Government Demolishes Homes, Denies Property Rights
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
16 October 2018
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/10/16/syria-residents-blocked-returning
Accessed Date:
16 September 2019
Title:
Syria: Consequences of illegal exit, consequences of leaving a civil servant position without notice and the situation of Kurds in Damascus
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service
Date of Document:
June 2019
URL:
https://coi.easo.europa.eu/administration/denmark/PLib/Report_syria_june_2019.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 September 2019
Title:
Exit controls and procedures at Damascus International Airport, including whether a foreigner's passport is stamped upon departure; whether airport authorities verify upon departure if a foreigner entered the country legally, including consequences ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 September 2019
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457901
Accessed Date:
26 September 2019
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