National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 September 2015
ALBANIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Title:
Albania. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Title:
Albanie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Title:
European Parliament Resolution on the 2014 Progress Report on Albania
Source:
European Union. European Parliament.
Date of Document:
22 April 2015
Author:
Knut Fleckenstein
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; drug trafficking; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; minorities; organized crime; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
24 September 2015
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
country overview; map
Title:
Operational Guidance Note: Albania
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
October 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; drug trafficking; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of movement; gender equality; honour crimes; institutional efficacy; international guidance note; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; nationality; organized crime; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Trafficking.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
9 September 2015
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; gender equality; honour crimes; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; international guidance note; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons; witness protection
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Blood Feuds.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
17 March 2015
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Keywords:
children; crime; document fraud; extralegal executions/killings; honour crimes; identity documents; international guidance note; legal system; legislation; map; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces; statistics
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Sexual orientation and gender identity.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
13 October 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
crime; gender equality; gender-based violence; international guidance note; legislation; map; marriage; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces complaints; political organizations; sexual minorities; social services
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Minority ethnic groups.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
14 November 2014
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
children; country overview; ethnic and national groups; freedom of movement; gender equality; institutional efficacy; international guidance note; labour; legal system; legislation; map; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; sexual minorities; social services
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Background information, including actors of protection, and internal relocation.
Source:
United Kingdom: Home Office
Date of Document:
August 2015
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
citizenship; corruption; freedom of movement; identity documents; international guidance note; judicial efficacy
Title:
Albania. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2014.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
25 June 2015
Accessed Date:
29 June 2015
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; children; citizenship; corruption; crime; disappeared persons; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; family law; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; government corruption; human rights activists; identity documents; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; Internet; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; organized crime; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; race; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; state surveillance; statistics; torture; warrants
Title:
Commission Staff Working Document: Albania 2014 Progress Report
Source:
European Union. European Commission.
Date of Document:
8 October 2014
Page Numbers:
3, 5-13, 39-55
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; drug trafficking; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; organized crime; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; religion; sexual minorities; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania. Amnesty International Report 2014/15: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; legal system; minorities; penal system; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; race; sexual minorities
Title:
Albania: Country of Origin Information (COI) Report
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
30 March 2012
Accessed Date:
12 December 2012
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; document fraud; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; honour crimes; judicial efficacy; legal system; minorities; organized crime; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; sexual minorities; sexual violence; torture; witness protection
Title:
Albania. Nations in Transit 2015.
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; election; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; government corruption; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; Internet; judicial corruption; labour; legal system; organized crime; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Albania. Freedom in the World 2015.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; drug trafficking; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; judicial corruption; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; trafficking in persons
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Albania
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
7 July 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; family law; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; organized crime; penal system; police report; police/security forces; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; torture; trafficking in persons
Title:
Report by Nils Muižnieks Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe Following His Visit to Albania from 23 to 27 September 2013
Source:
Council of Europe. Commissioner for Human Rights.
Date of Document:
16 January 2014
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; extralegal executions/killings; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; race; torture
Title:
Comments of the Albanian authorities on the Report by Nils Muižnieks Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
corruption; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints
Title:
Albania Candidate for the United Nations Human Rights Council 2015-2017
Source:
Albania. Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; institutional efficacy; Internet; legislation; minorities; religion; sexual minorities
Title:
Tracing Analysis and Evidencing Factors Affecting Increase of Asylum Applications by Albanian Nationals in Member States of Shengen Area
Source:
Albania. People's Advocate Institution.
Date of Document:
March 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; crime; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; gender-based violence; identity documents; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; marriage; minorities; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Mission exploratoire en Albanie du 1er au 6 avril 2013
Source:
Forum réfugiés – Cosi
Date of Document:
14 April 2014
Accessed Date:
7 November 2014
Keywords:
corruption; country overview; crime; document fraud; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial corruption; labour; legal system; legislation; map; minorities; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
ECRI Report on Albania (fifth monitoring cycle)
Source:
Council of Europe. European Commission against Racism and Intolerance.
Date of Document:
9 June 2015
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; Internet; legislation; nationality; sexual minorities
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review. Addendum. Views on conclusions and/or recommendations, voluntary commitments and replies presented by the State under review.
Date of Document:
21 July 2014
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
Information presented by the Albanian People's Advocate (Ombudsman)
Source:
Albania. Albanian People's Advocate.
Date of Document:
5 September 2014
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; family law; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; social services; statistics; torture; trafficking in persons; witness protection
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Law No. 8389, Dated 05.08.1998 on Albanian Citizenship
Publisher:
New York University School of Law. East European Constitutional Review.
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage
Title:
Albania Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
freedom of movement; identity documents
Title:
The biometric identity card; its appearance, use and the biometric data stored on it; requirements and procedures to obtain a biometric identity card within Albania; whether it can be replaced and renewed from abroad, including...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 September 2011
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
The biometric passport; its appearance and biometric data stored on it; requirements and procedures to obtain a biometric passport from within Albania; whether it can be replaced or renewed from abroad (2012-June 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 June 2015
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Country Marriage Pack: Albania
Source:
Ireland. Refugee Documentation Centre.
Date of Document:
August 2013
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
family law; identity documents; legislation; marriage; religion
Title:
Albania to Grant Citizenship to Ethnic Albanians in the Neighbourhood and Diaspora
Source:
European University Institute. EUDO Citizenship.
Date of Document:
4 July 2013
Accessed Date:
18 October 2013
Keywords:
citizenship; ethnic and national groups
Title:
Procedure for filling in the cause of death on Albanian death certificates; whether there is a written explanation of the cause of death or a reference to a section of the act governing the issuance of death certificates; whether the procedure is standard
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 February 2011
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
medical records
Title:
Birth certificates, including appearance, details of information included; whether the certificate is a standard form used nationally or whether it varies depending on region or city; whether the certificate is used for other official documents...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 February 2014
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
identity documents
Source:
Albania. Bashkia Fier.
Date of Document:
7 February 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
identity documents; marriage
Title:
Country Report: Albania
Source:
European University Institute. EUDO Citizenship.
Date of Document:
November 2012
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Political Transformation. Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2014 — Albania Country Report.
Source:
Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
corruption; crime; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; legal system; legislation; minorities; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities
Title:
Republic of Albania. Election for Kuvendi I Shqipërisë. (Parliament of Albania) of 23 June 2013.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
18 October 2013
Keywords:
election; political activities; political opposition; political organizations
Title:
Albania Election Watch
Source:
National Democratic Institute
Date of Document:
27 June 2013
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
election; political activities; political organizations
Title:
International Election Observation Mission. Republic of Albania – Local Elections, 21 June 2015. Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
22 June 2015
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; minorities; political organizations
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Domestic violence, including legislation, state protection and support services available to victims (2011-April 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
30 April 2014
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
domestic violence; extralegal executions/killings; gender equality; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; marriage; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services; statistics
Title:
Albania (Republic of Albania). Country Report 2013. Reality Check on European Services for Women and Children Survivors of Violence: A Right for Protection and Support?
Source:
Women Against Violence Europe
Date of Document:
March 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; country overview; domestic violence; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; legal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services; statistics
Title:
Law No. 9669, of 18.12.2006 on Measures Against Violence in Family Relations
Accessed Date:
13 November 2012
Keywords:
domestic violence; legislation
Title:
Domestic Violence in Albania. 2013 National Population-Based Survey.
Source:
Albanian Institute of Statistics; United Nations Development Program
Date of Document:
November 2013
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; labour; legislation; marriage; religion; sexual violence; statistics
Title:
Albania. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
28 November 2014
Keywords:
abduction; children; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; family law; female genital mutilation; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; political activities; sexual violence; statistics
Title:
Forced marriages of women, including those who are already married; state protection and resources provided to women who try to avoid a marriage imposed on them (2010-June 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 August 2015
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
family law; gender equality; legislation; marriage
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention. Fourth periodic report of States parties due in 2014.
Date of Document:
25 November 2014
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; legal system; legislation
Title:
Domestic Violence, Institutional Response and challenges in Addressing Domestic Violence in Albania
Source:
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences
Date of Document:
January 2015
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
crime; domestic violence; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; police efficacy
Title:
Albania (Republic of Albania). Wave Report 2014. Specialized Women's Support Services and New Tools for Combatting Gender-Based Violence in Europe.
Source:
Women Against Violence Europe
Author:
Kelly Blank et al.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
domestic violence; social services; statistics
Title:
Situation and treatment of sexual minorities, including legislation, state protection and support services (2011-June 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 June 2013
Accessed Date:
21 October 2013
Keywords:
institutional efficacy; police efficacy; sexual minorities; social services
Title:
Commissioner for Protection from Discrimination, including complaints received based on discrimination against sexual minorities and actions taken by the Commissioner; Anti-discrimination training provided to government authorities, including...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 February 2014
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
human rights activists; institutional efficacy; legislation; police/security forces complaints; political activities; sexual minorities
Title:
Albania. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
May 2015
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
freedom of assembly; legislation; political organizations; sexual minorities
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Statistics on blood feuds; state protection and support services available to those affected by blood feuds, including whether individuals have been prosecuted for blood feud-related crimes (2010-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 September 2015
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; document fraud; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of movement; government corruption; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; police corruption; police efficacy; social services; statistics
Title:
Attestation letters for blood feuds; issuing organizations; how letters are issued, processed and stored; whether issuing organizations are recognized by the government; whether the Committee of Nationwide Reconciliation (CNR) has the...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 February 2012
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
crime; document fraud; identity documents
Title:
Albania (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2015
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; minorities; organized crime; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania. OSAC 2015 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
8 May 2015
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
crime; domestic violence; drug trafficking; election; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; religion; sexual violence; transport infrastructure
Title:
Third Evaluation Round. Second Compliance Report on Albania. 'Incriminations (ETS 173 and 191, GPC 2).' 'Transparency of Party Funding.'
Code:
GRECO RC-III (2013) 7E
Source:
Council of Europe. Group of States Against Corruption.
Date of Document:
27 June 2013
Accessed Date:
21 October 2013
Keywords:
corruption; government corruption; legal system; legislation; political activities; political organizations
Title:
Albania. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2014, Volume II: Money Laundering and Financial Crimes.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
corruption; crime; drug trafficking; judicial corruption; legislation; organized crime
Title:
Means by which reconciliation groups begin working on a case; records kept by such groups to document their work; steps normally taken by groups to resolve blood feuds; success rates of reconciliation committees; reasons why groups abandon their...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
8 October 2010
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
crime; institutional efficacy; legislation
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions, Christof Heyns. Addendum. Follow-up to Country Recommendations: Albania.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
23 April 2013
Accessed Date:
21 October 2013
Keywords:
children; crime; domestic violence; extralegal executions/killings; family law; gender equality; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; organized crime; social services
Title:
Task force established to investigate falsified attestation letters for blood feuds, including activities and cases investigated; reconciliation groups, including whether any have been investigated for providing false attestation letters...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 February 2014
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
corruption; crime; document fraud; extralegal executions/killings; human rights activists; police efficacy; police/security forces
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions, Philip Alston. Addendum. Mission to Albania.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
14 March 2011
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
children; crime; domestic violence; extralegal executions/killings; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy
Title:
Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on Albania's Progress in the Fight Against Corruption and Organised Crime and in the Judicial Reform
Code:
COM(2014) 331 final
Source:
European Commission
Date of Document:
4 June 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
corruption; drug trafficking; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania: Blood Feuds. Issue Paper.
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
May 2008
Accessed Date:
11 February 2013
Keywords:
crime; document fraud; family law; identity documents; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; police/security forces
Title:
Albania. Country Reports on Terrorism 2014.
Source:
United States. Department of State
Date of Document:
June 2015
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
extremist/terrorist organizations; legal system; legislation; state surveillance
Title:
Instances of Muslim extremists targeting members of the Albanian military forces, including soldiers who formerly served in Iraq with US peacekeeping forces (2004-February 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 February 2015
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; conflict; crime; extremist/terrorist organizations
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Law No. 9235, Dated 29.07.2004 on Restitution and Compensation of Property (amended 2006)
Accessed Date:
13 November 2012
Title:
Study Report on Criminal Offences of Corruption and Other Forms of Abuse of Office
Source:
Albanian Helsinki Committee
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; crime; government corruption; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; police corruption; political activities
Title:
Law No. 10 221 dated 4.2.2010 on Protection from Discrimination
Accessed Date:
13 November 2012
Title:
Towards Justice: Analysis of Civil Proceedings in the District Courts. Summary.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Accessed Date:
21 October 2013
Keywords:
institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system
Title:
Update: A Guide to Researching the Albanian Legal System
Source:
Hauser Global Law School Program
Date of Document:
1 September 2015
Author:
Mbaresa Veleshnja Gentry; Engjellushe (Angel) Kozeli Mozina
Accessed Date:
30 September 2015
Keywords:
country overview; legal system; legislation
Title:
Albanian Justice System Slammed as Totally Corrupt
Date of Document:
9 June 2015
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; crime; government corruption; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; police corruption; political activities
Title:
Governance in the Protection of Immovable Property Rights in Albania: A Continuing Challenge. A World Bank Issue Brief.
Source:
The World Bank. Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit.
Date of Document:
April 2012
Accessed Date:
21 October 2013
Keywords:
institutional efficacy; legal system; legislation
Title:
Albania. WJP Rule of Law Index 2015.
Source:
World Justice Project
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; labour; legal system; minorities; religion; statistics
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
The Albanian State Police (ASP), including its structure and locations; police corruption; police misconduct; procedures to submit a complaint against police and responsiveness to complaints (2011-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 September 2015
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; institutional efficacy; legal system; legislation; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; torture
Title:
Procedures to obtain a police report; whether a police report can be obtained from abroad through a proxy; if so, requirements and procedures (2012-September 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 August 2015
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Keywords:
legislation; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces
Title:
Police Integrity and Corruption in Albania
Source:
Institute for Democracy and Mediation
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; institutional efficacy; police corruption; police/security forces
Title:
Albania. Freedom of the Press 2015.
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
election; freedom of the press; legislation; police/security forces; political activities; political organizations
Title:
Albania. Europe and Asia Media Sustainability Index 2014. The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia.
Source:
International Research and Exchange Board – IREX
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
corruption; country overview; election; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; government corruption; human rights activists; Internet; legal system; legislation; organized crime; political activities; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Albania. International Religious Freedom Report for 2013.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
28 July 2014
Accessed Date:
14 August 2014
Keywords:
freedom of assembly; legislation; religion; statistics
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Resolution CM/ResCMN (2014)1 on the Implementation of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities by Albania
Source:
Council of Europe. Committee of Ministers.
Date of Document:
12 February 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; identity documents; institutional efficacy; legislation; minorities; nationality; police/security forces; race; religion; sexual minorities; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania: Submission to the European Commission Against Racism and Intolerance
Source:
Amnesty International
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; institutional efficacy; legislation; minorities; police efficacy; social services
Title:
Treatment of ethnic Albanians, including information on the Albanian community; whether blood feuds follow Albanians to Greece
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 February 2014
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
crime; minorities; statistics
Title:
Situation of Roma, including access to education, employment, housing and social services; treatment of Roma by society and authorities (2011-June 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 June 2014
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; legislation; minorities; police/security forces; social services; statistics
Title:
Civil Society Monitoring Report on the Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Decade Action Plan in 2012 in Albania
Source:
Roma Active Albania; The Human Development Promotion CentreO Avipe i Romegno; Romano Sez; Roma Union of Berati
Author:
Ylli Cabiri et al.
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; identity documents; labour; legislation; minorities; social services; trafficking in persons
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 17 July 2015:
Title:
European Parliament Resolution on the 2013 Progress Report on Albania
Source:
European Union. European Parliament.
Date of Document:
9 December 2013
URL:
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+MOTION+B7-2013-0556+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; drug trafficking; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; minorities; organized crime; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
23 June 2014
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/al.html
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
country overview; map
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Trafficking.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
19 September 2014
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/359384/CIG_Albania_Trafficking_2014_09_19_v_2_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; honour crimes; institutional efficacy; international guidance note; labour; legal system; legislation; map; organized crime; police efficacy; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Blood Feuds.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
24 June 2014
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/326840/CIG_Albania_Blood_Feuds.pdf
Accessed Date:
14 July 2014
Keywords:
children; crime; document fraud; extralegal executions/killings; honour crimes; identity documents; international guidance note; legal system; legislation; map; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces; statistics
Title:
Albania. Amnesty International Report 2013: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/519f51b818.html
Accessed Date:
18 October 2013
Keywords:
domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; legal system; minorities; penal system; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; race; sexual minorities
Title:
Albania. Nations in Transit 2014.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/2014/albania#.U85yf_ldUQF
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
corruption; election; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; government corruption; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; Internet; judicial corruption; labour; legal system; organized crime; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; statistics
Title:
Albania. Freedom in the World 2014.
URL:
http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2014/albania#.U85yzvldUQE
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; drug trafficking; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; judicial corruption; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
http://travel.state.gov/content/visas/english/fees/reciprocity-by-country/AL.html
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
freedom of movement; identity documents
Title:
Albania. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
May 2014
URL:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/15245131/Annual%20Review%202014%20web%20version.pdf
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
freedom of assembly; legislation; political organizations; sexual minorities
Title:
Statistics on blood feuds; state protection and support services available to those affected by blood feuds, including whether individuals have been prosecuted for blood-feud-related crimes (2007-September 2010)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 October 2010
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453190
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
children; crime; statistics
Title:
Albania (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2014.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2014
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2014/226665.htm
Accessed Date:
12 August 2014
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; minorities; organized crime; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
Albania. OSAC 2014 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
25 March 2014
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=15380
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
crime; domestic violence; drug trafficking; election; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; religion; sexual violence; transport infrastructure
Title:
Update: A Guide to Researching the Albanian Legal System
Source:
New York University School of Law. Hauser Global Law School Program.
Date of Document:
September 2015
Author:
Mbaresa Veleshnja Gentry et al.
URL:
http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/albania1.htm
Accessed Date:
21 October 2013
Keywords:
country overview; legal system; legislation
Title:
Albania Extended Profile. WJP Rule of Law Index 2014.
Source:
World Justice Project
URL:
http://data.worldjusticeproject.org/pdf/rule-of-law-index-ALB-full.pdf
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
corruption; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; labour; legal system; minorities; religion; statistics
Title:
The police force, including its structure and location; police corruption; police misconduct; procedures to submit a complaint against police and responsiveness to complaints
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 October 2011
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453596
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
police corruption; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints
Title:
Procedures to obtain a police report; whether a police report can be obtained from abroad through a proxy; if so, requirements and procedures
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 October 2011
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453597
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
crime; police report
Title:
Albania. Freedom of the Press 2014.
URL:
http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2014/albania#.VD_uhPldVic
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Keywords:
election; freedom of the press; legislation; police/security forces; political activities; political organizations
Title:
The biometric passport; its appearance and biometric data stored on it; requirements and procedures to obtain a biometric passport from within Albania; whether it can be replaced or renewed from abroad
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 September 2011
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453594
Accessed Date:
12 November 2012
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Baseline Study Report on Domestic Violence and Albanian State Police
Source:
Data Centrum Research Institute
Date of Document:
October 2012
Author:
Alketa Berzani; Elsa Osmani
URL:
http://www.cp-project.al/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Baseline-Study-Report-on-DV-and-ASP.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 October 2013
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; race; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Study on Homophobia, Transphobia and Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity. Legal Report: Albania.
Source:
COWI; The Danish Institute for Human Rights
URL:
http://www.coe.int/t/Commissioner/Source/LGBT/AlbaniaLegal_E.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 November 2012
Keywords:
freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; legislation; marriage; sexual minorities
Title:
Special Report of the Activity of the People's Advocate on the Rights of LGBT Persons in 2012
Source:
Albania. People's Advocate Office.
Date of Document:
September 2012
URL:
http://www.theioi.org/downloads/dfls7/Peoples%20Advocate%20Special%20Report%20on%20LGBT%20rights.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 May 2014
Keywords:
crime; labour; legislation; marriage; minorities; sexual minorities
Title:
Albania: Property Rights and Resource Governance
Source:
United States. United States Agency for International Development.
Date of Document:
February 2011
URL:
http://usaidlandtenure.net/sites/default/files/country-profiles/full-reports/USAID_Land_Tenure_Albania_Profile_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 December 2012
Keywords:
humanitarian situation
Title:
Immunity of Judges in Albania
Source:
EURALIUS Consolidation of the Justice System in Albania
Date of Document:
September 2011
URL:
http://www.parlament.al/web/pub/immunity_20of_20judges_20in_20albania_12311_1.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 December 2012
Keywords:
judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system
Title:
Albania. Integrity and Resistance to Corruption of the Law Enforcement Bodies in South East European Countries. Survey Report.
Source:
Transparency International Romania
Page Numbers:
1, 21-26, 101-108
URL:
http://www.rai-see.org/doc/Integrity_and_Resistance_to_Corruption_of_the_Law_Enforcement_Bodies_in_South_East_European_Countries-Survey_Report.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 November 2012
Keywords:
corruption; government corruption; judicial corruption; police corruption; police/security forces; statistics
Title:
Third Report Submitted by Albania Pursuant to Article 25, Paragraph 2 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Code:
ACFC/SR/III(2011)001
Date of Document:
10 January 2011
URL:
http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/minorities/3_fcnmdocs/PDF_3rd_SR_Albania_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 November 2012
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; gender equality; identity documents; labour; minorities; nationality; trafficking in persons
Title:
Third Opinion on Albania Adopted on 23 November 2011
Code:
ACFC/OP/III(2011)009
Source:
Council of Europe. Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.
Date of Document:
4 June 2012
URL:
http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/minorities/3_FCNMdocs/PDF_3rd_OP_Albania_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 December 2012
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; identity documents; legislation; minorities; nationality; trafficking in persons
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Minority ethnic groups.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
14 November 2014
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/375421/CIG_Albania_Minority_ethnic_groups.pdf
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
children; country overview; ethnic and national groups; freedom of movement; gender equality; institutional efficacy; international guidance note; labour; legal system; legislation; map; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; sexual minorities; social services
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Albania: Background information, including actors of protection, and internal relocation.
Source:
United Kingdom: Home Office
Date of Document:
August 2015
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/456081/cig__albania_august_2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
14 September 2015
Keywords:
citizenship; corruption; freedom of movement; identity documents; international guidance note; judicial efficacy
Title:
ECRI Report on Albania (fifth monitoring cycle)
Source:
Council of Europe. European Commission against Racism and Intolerance.
Date of Document:
9 June 2015
URL:
http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/ecri/country-by-country/albania/ALB-CbC-V-2015-18-ENG.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; Internet; legislation; nationality; sexual minorities
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review. Addendum. Views on conclusions and/or recommendations, voluntary commitments and replies presented by the State under review.
Date of Document:
21 July 2014
URL:
http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/UPR/Pages/ALSession19.aspx
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
Information presented by the Albanian People's Advocate (Ombudsman)
Source:
Albania. Albanian People's Advocate.
Date of Document:
5 September 2014
URL:
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1930_1411473638_g1415655.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; family law; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; social services; statistics; torture; trafficking in persons; witness protection
Title:
The biometric passport; its appearance and biometric data stored on it; requirements and procedures to obtain a biometric passport from within Albania; whether it can be replaced or renewed from abroad (2012-June 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 June 2015
URL:
http://www.irb.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=455926&pls=1
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
International Election Observation Mission. Republic of Albania – Local Elections, 21 June 2015. Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
22 June 2015
URL:
http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/albania/165726?download=true
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; minorities; political organizations
Title:
Albania. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
URL:
http://genderindex.org/country/albania
Accessed Date:
28 November 2014
Keywords:
abduction; children; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; family law; female genital mutilation; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; political activities; sexual violence; statistics
Title:
Forced marriages of women, including those who are already married; state protection and resources provided to women who try to avoid a marriage imposed on them (2010-June 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 August 2015
URL:
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456040&pls=1
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
family law; gender equality; legislation; marriage
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention. Fourth periodic report of States parties due in 2014.
Date of Document:
25 November 2014
URL:
http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CEDAW/Shared%20Documents/ALB/CEDAW_C_ALB_4_7078_E.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; legal system; legislation
Title:
Domestic Violence, Institutional Response and challenges in Addressing Domestic Violence in Albania
Source:
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences
Date of Document:
January 2015
URL:
http://www.mcser.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/view/5560
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
crime; domestic violence; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; police efficacy
Title:
Albania (Republic of Albania). Wave Report 2014. Specialized Women's Support Services and New Tools for Combatting Gender-Based Violence in Europe.
Source:
Women Against Violence Europe
Author:
Kelly Blank et al.
URL:
http://www.wave-network.org/sites/default/files/01%20WAVEREPORT_2014.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2015
Keywords:
domestic violence; social services; statistics
Title:
Albania. Country Reports on Terrorism 2014.
Source:
United States. Department of State
Date of Document:
June 2015
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/crt/2014/239406.htm
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
extremist/terrorist organizations; legal system; legislation; state surveillance
Title:
Instances of Muslim extremists targeting members of the Albanian military forces, including soldiers who formerly served in Iraq with US peacekeeping forces (2004-February 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 February 2015
URL:
http://www.irb.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=455738&pls=1
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; conflict; crime; extremist/terrorist organizations
Title:
Study Report on Criminal Offences of Corruption and Other Forms of Abuse of Office
Source:
Albanian Helsinki Committee
URL:
http://ahc.org.al/web/images/publikime/en/STUDY_REPORT_ON_CRIMINAL_OFFENCES_OF_CORRUPTION_AND_OTHER_FORMS_OF_ABUSE_OF_OFFICE.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; crime; government corruption; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; police corruption; political activities
Title:
Albanian Justice System Slammed as Totally Corrupt
Date of Document:
9 June 2015
URL:
http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/judges-in-albania-pays-up-to-300-000-for-their-positions-report-says
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; crime; government corruption; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; police corruption; political activities
Title:
Police Integrity and Corruption in Albania
Source:
Institute for Democracy and Mediation
URL:
http://idmalbania.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Integriteti_dhe_korrupsioni_web_ENG.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 September 2015
Keywords:
corruption; institutional efficacy; police corruption; police/security forces
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.