National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 April 2018
JAPAN
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
19 October 2012
Title:
Japon. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Date of Document:
10 November 2016
Accessed Date:
24 November 2016
Title:
Japan. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
14 November 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Japan. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 April 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2018
Title:
Japan. Amnesty International Report 2016/2017: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Japan. Freedom in the World 2017.
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Japan. World Report 2017: Events of 2016.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Japan
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
14 December 2012
Accessed Date:
25 September 2013
Keywords:
children; citizenship; disappeared persons; domestic violence; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; indigenous groups; institutional efficacy; legal system; minorities; penal system; police/security forces; trafficking in persons
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression on his mission to Japan
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
15 June 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Japan
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/28/JPN/3
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
23 August 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
The Nationality Law
Accessed Date:
25 September 2013
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; nationality
Title:
Criteria Changes to Acquisition of Japanese Nationality
Accessed Date:
29 October 2014
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; nationality
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Japan. Shugiin (House of Representatives).
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
1 November 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
6. Violence against women. Women and Men in Japan 2017.
Source:
Japan. Gender Equality Bureau Cabinet Office.
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Act on the Prevention of Spousal Violence and the Protection of Victims (Act No. 31 of 2001)
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined seventh and eighth periodic reports of Japan
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.
Date of Document:
10 March 2016
Accessed Date:
24 November 2016
Title:
Japan: Two Laws Amended to Better Protect Women
Source:
United States. Library of Congress. Global Legal Monitor.
Date of Document:
23 August 2013
Accessed Date:
8 November 2016
6.
Sexual Minorities - (No items in this section)
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Japan (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Japan. 2017 OSAC Crime and Safety Report: Tokyo.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
31 January 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Criminal Justice in Japan
Source:
United Nations. Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders.
Accessed Date:
8 November 2016
Title:
Japan: 2016 Criminal Justice System Reform
Source:
United States. Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Research Center.
Date of Document:
November 2016
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
Japan. Freedom on the Net 2017.
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Japan. International Religious Freedom Report for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
15 August 2017
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Challenging exclusion through cultural traditions: the struggles of Ainu feminists to end multiple discrimination in Japan. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2016: Events of 2015.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
July 2016
Accessed Date:
24 November 2017
Title:
Japan. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2015: Events of 2014.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
2 July 2015
Page Numbers:
184, 191-192
Accessed Date:
3 November 2015
Keywords:
conflict; corruption; country overview; election; ethnic and national groups; freedom of expression; government corruption; indigenous groups; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; nationality; penal system; political activities; race; social services
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 30 November 2017:
Title:
Japan. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
3 March 2017
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2016&dlid=265340
Accessed Date:
7 March 2017
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
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The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.