National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 July 2017
SWAZILAND
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Title:
Swaziland. General Logistics Planning Map.
Source:
World Food Programme. Logistics Cluster.
Date of Document:
19 April 2013
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Mozambique - Swaziland
Source:
Larousse. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Title:
Swaziland. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
11 July 2017
Accessed Date:
18 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
3 March 2017
Accessed Date:
7 March 2017
Title:
Swaziland. Amnesty International Annual Report 2016/17: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Swaziland
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/25/SWZ/1
Date of Document:
8 March 2016
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; family law; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; sexual minorities; social services; torture
Title:
Swaziland. Freedom in the World 2016.
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; corruption; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; government corruption; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; race; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; state surveillance; torture
Title:
Swaziland. World Report 2017: Events of 2016.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Compilation prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in accordance with paragraph 15 (b) of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 5/1 and paragraph 5 of the annex to Council resolution 16/21: Swaziland
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/25/SWZ/2
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
7 March 2016
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; family law; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; sexual minorities; social services; torture
Title:
Summary prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in accordance with paragraph 15 (c) of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 5/1 and paragraph 5 of the annex to Council resolution 16/21: Swaziland
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/25/SWZ/3
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
22 February 2016
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; family law; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; sexual minorities; social services; torture
Title:
Joint Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review 25th Session of the UPR Working Group. Kingdom of Swaziland.
Source:
CIVICUS: World Alliance for Citizen Participation et al.
Date of Document:
21 September 2015
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Chapter IV: Citizenship. The Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland Act, 2005.
Accessed Date:
14 July 2015
Keywords:
children; citizenship; gender equality; legislation; marriage
Title:
Swaziland. Birth Registration. A Comparative Report Prepared for UNICEF.
Date of Document:
November 2015
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Membership cards of the People's United Democratic Movement (PUDEMO), including appearance, information contained on the card, expiry date, security features; requirements and process to become a member of PUDEMO and receive a membership card...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 December 2012
Accessed Date:
29 July 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; extralegal executions/killings; gender equality; identity documents; legal system; legislation; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners
Title:
The headmen of the chief under the Tinkhundla system (Inner Council), including election, obligations, and responsibilities; consequences for refusing the position; state protection
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 March 2013
Accessed Date:
29 July 2013
Keywords:
legal system; legislation; political activities; political opposition
Title:
Swaziland. House of Assembly.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
31 October 2016
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined initial and second periodic reports of Swaziland
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
24 July 2014
Accessed Date:
14 July 2015
Keywords:
abduction; children; citizenship; crime; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; nationality; police efficacy; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; race; sexual violence; social services; torture; trafficking in persons
Title:
Chapter 5: Gender Based Violence. Swaziland. SADC Gender Protocol 2013 Barometer.
Source:
Southern Africa Gender Protocol Alliance
Date of Document:
14 April 2014
Accessed Date:
25 July 2014
Keywords:
crime; domestic violence; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Treatment of sexual minorities by society and authorities; recourse and protection offered to people subject to mistreatment; job opportunities and access to housing (2014-April 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 April 2015
Accessed Date:
25 July 2016
Keywords:
legislation; sexual minorities
Title:
Swaziland. State Sponsored Homophobia 2017: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition. 12th Edition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2017
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Kingdom of Swaziland. Swaziland's Joint NGO Submission to the United Nations Universal Periodic Review. For 25th session April–May 2016.
Source:
Rock of Hope et al.
Date of Document:
21 September 2015
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Canaries in the coal mines. An analysis of spaces for LGBTI activism in Swaziland. Country Report.
Source:
The Other Foundation
Accessed Date:
18 July 2017
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Swaziland (Tier 2 Watch List). Trafficking in Persons Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
18 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland. 2017 OSAC Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
8 May 2017
Accessed Date:
18 July 2017
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Justice Locked Out: Swaziland's Rule of Law Crisis. International Fact-finding Mission Report.
Source:
International Commission of Jurists
Date of Document:
18 February 2016
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland High Court Strikes Down Provisions of the Sedition and Subversive Activities and Suppression Of Terrorism Acts
Source:
Southern African Litigation Centre
Date of Document:
16 September 2016
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
Swaziland. Freedom of the Press 2016.
Accessed Date:
18 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland. International Religious Freedom Report for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 August 2016
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race - (No items in this section)
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions
Title:
Swaziland. The 2017 ITUC Global Rights Index. The World's Worst Countries for Workers.
Source:
International Trade Union Confederation
Accessed Date:
28 July 2017
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 March 2017:
Title:
Swaziland. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
11 July 2016
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/wz.html
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Keywords:
country overview; map; statistics
Title:
Swaziland. Amnesty International Annual Report 2015/16: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/africa/swaziland/report-swaziland/
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; domestic violence; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; political activities; political prisoners; religion; sexual violence
Title:
Swaziland. World Report 2016: Events of 2015.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2016
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/country-chapters/swaziland-0
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; corruption; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; race; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; state surveillance; torture
Title:
Swaziland. House of Assembly.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
6 April 2016
URL:
http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2301.htm
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Keywords:
election; political activities
Title:
Swaziland. State-Sponsored Homophobia. A World Survey of Laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition of same-sex love.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2016
URL:
http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Keywords:
legislation; sexual minorities
Title:
Swaziland (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2016
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2016/258869.htm
Accessed Date:
15 July 2016
Keywords:
children; labour; legal system; police/security forces; sexual violence; trafficking in persons
Title:
Swaziland. Freedom of the Press 2015.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2015/swaziland
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Keywords:
freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; Internet; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; state surveillance
Title:
Swaziland. International Religious Freedom Report for 2014.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
14 October 2015
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2014&dlid=238268
Accessed Date:
11 July 2016
Keywords:
legislation; minorities; religion
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
URL:
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/swaziland_pol_1990.pdf
Accessed Date:
26 November 2012
Title:
Swaziland. General Logistics Planning Map.
Source:
World Food Programme. Logistics Cluster.
Date of Document:
19 April 2013
URL:
http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Swaziland%20General%20Logistics%20Planning%20Map%20as%20od%2019%20Apr%202013.pdf
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Joint Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review 25th Session of the UPR Working Group. Kingdom of Swaziland.
Source:
CIVICUS: World Alliance for Citizen Participation et al.
Date of Document:
21 September 2015
URL:
https://www.upr-info.org/sites/default/files/document/swaziland/session_25_-_may_2016/js1_upr25_swz_e_main.pdf
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland. Birth Registration. A Comparative Report Prepared for UNICEF.
Date of Document:
November 2015
URL:
http://citizenshiprightsafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/UNICEF-Comp-laws-Birth-Registration1_2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Kingdom of Swaziland. Swaziland's Joint NGO Submission to the United Nations Universal Periodic Review. For 25th session April–May 2016.
Source:
Rock of Hope et al.
Date of Document:
21 September 2015
URL:
http://panafricailga.org/swaziland-accepts-upr-recommendations/
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Canaries in the coal mines. An analysis of spaces for LGBTI activism in Swaziland. Country Report.
Source:
The Other Foundation
URL:
http://theotherfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Canaries_Swaziland_epub_Draft2_CB2.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland. 2017 OSAC Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
8 May 2017
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=21806
Accessed Date:
18 July 2017
Title:
Justice Locked Out: Swaziland's Rule of Law Crisis. International Fact-finding Mission Report.
Source:
International Commission of Jurists
Date of Document:
18 February 2016
URL:
https://www.icj.org/new-icj-report-scrutinizes-judicial-independence-and-accountability-in-swaziland/
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland High Court Strikes Down Provisions of the Sedition and Subversive Activities and Suppression Of Terrorism Acts
Source:
Southern African Litigation Centre
Date of Document:
16 September 2016
URL:
http://www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org/2016/09/16/news-release-swaziland-high-court-strikes-down-provisions-of-the-sedition-and-subversive-activities-and-suppression-of-terrorism-acts/
Accessed Date:
4 July 2017
Title:
Swaziland. The 2017 ITUC Global Rights Index. The World's Worst Countries for Workers.
Source:
International Trade Union Confederation
URL:
http://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/survey_ra_2017_eng-1.pdf
Accessed Date:
28 July 2017
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.