National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 June 2017
SPAIN
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
30 October 2012
Title:
Espagne. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
30 October 2012
Title:
Spain. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
21 June 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
Spain. Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Europe, 2016.
Source:
United States. Social Security Administration.
Date of Document:
September 2016
Accessed Date:
16 May 2017
Title:
Spain. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 April 2018
Accessed Date:
24 April 2018
Title:
Spain. Amnesty International Report 2016/17: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Accessed Date:
16 May 2017
Title:
Spain. Freedom in the World 2016.
Accessed Date:
16 May 2017
Title:
Spain. European Union. World Report 2017: Events of 2016.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
16 May 2017
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Spain
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
13 April 2015
Accessed Date:
24 June 2015
Keywords:
children; crime; disappeared persons; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; legal system; legislation; minorities; police/security forces; race; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; torture; trafficking in persons
Title:
Concluding observations on the sixth periodic report of Spain
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Committee.
Date of Document:
14 August 2015
Accessed Date:
24 June 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; gender equality; identity documents; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; rejected asylum seekers; trafficking in persons
Title:
Spain: Submission to the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. 57th Session, 22 February - 4 March 2016. List of Issues Prior to Reporting.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
1 February 2016
Accessed Date:
24 June 2016
Keywords:
domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; penal system; social services
Title:
Spain 2016. Country Report. Non-discrimination.
Source:
European Commission. European network of legal experts in gender equality and non-discrimination.
Accessed Date:
16 May 2017
Title:
Conclusions XXI-1: Spain
Source:
Council of Europe. European Committee of Social Rights.
Date of Document:
January 2017
Accessed Date:
16 May 2017
Title:
Europe: Dangerously Disproportionate: The Ever-Expanding National Security State in Europe
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
17 January 2017
Page Numbers:
25-26, 41-42, 46-47
Accessed Date:
18 May 2017
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Civil Code (nationality legislation) (as amended by Law 52/2007)
Accessed Date:
25 June 2013
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; nationality
Title:
Country Report on Citizenship Law: Spain
Source:
European University Institute. EUDO Citizenship.
Date of Document:
January 2015
Author:
Ruth Rubio Marín et al.
Accessed Date:
3 June 2015
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage; nationality
Title:
Document: ESP-BO-03001
Source:
Council of the European Union. Public Register of Authentic Travel and Identity Documents Online.
Date of Document:
7 May 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
Requirements and procedures for an individual, who previously had permanent residency but was absent from the country for more than 12 months, to regain his or her permanent resident status (2012-August 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 September 2013
Accessed Date:
26 June 2014
Keywords:
identity documents; legislation
Title:
Document: ESP-AO-04001
Source:
Council of the European Union. Public Register of Authentic Travel and Identity Documents Online.
Date of Document:
7 May 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
Permanent residence status, including requirements, whether it expires and procedures for renewal; rights for permanent residents, including rights to enter and remain, employment rights, education rights, and access to social services (2014-August 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
8 October 2015
Accessed Date:
21 June 2016
Keywords:
children; citizenship; family law; freedom of movement; identity documents; legislation; marriage; social services
Title:
Family sponsorship, including requirements, of a foreign spouse and that spouse's foreign-born children; whether the residence permit expires upon divorce and procedures for renewal; rights of permanent residents, including rights to enter and...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 September 2015
Accessed Date:
21 June 2016
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; family law; freedom of movement; gender-based violence; identity documents; legislation; marriage; social services; trafficking in persons
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Kingdom of Spain. Election for Congreso de los diputados (Spanish Congress of Deputies) of 26 June 2016.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
24 May 2017
Title:
Kingdom of Spain. Election for Senado (Spanish Senate) of 26 June 2016.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
24 May 2017
Title:
Basque Country. Election for Eusko Legebiltzarra (Basque Parliament) of 25 September 2016.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
24 May 2017
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Protection and assistance by the state and by civil society to women victims of domestic violence (2011-March 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 March 2013
Accessed Date:
25 June 2013
Keywords:
crime; domestic violence; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; social services; statistics
Title:
Spain. Country report. Gender equality. How are EU rules transposed into national law? Reporting period 1 July 2015 – 1 April 2016.
Source:
European Commission. European network of legal experts in gender equality and non-discrimination.
Author:
María Amparo Ballester Pastor
Accessed Date:
28 June 2017
Title:
Specific Rights of Women Victims of Gender-Based Violence
Date of Document:
June 2016
Accessed Date:
24 May 2017
Title:
Organic Act 1/2004 of 28 December on Integrated Protection Measures Against Gender Violence
Accessed Date:
20 June 2014
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; labour; legislation; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Spain. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
3 June 2015
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; family law; femicide; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; marriage; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined seventh and eighth periodic reports of Spain
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.
Date of Document:
29 July 2015
Accessed Date:
6 May 2016
Keywords:
domestic violence; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; labour; legislation; minorities; political activities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice. Mission to Spain.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
17 June 2015
Accessed Date:
6 May 2016
Keywords:
children; citizenship; domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; police/security forces; political activities; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
CEDAW Issues a Historic Ruling in a Gender Violence Case
Source:
Oxford Human Rights Hub
Date of Document:
28 August 2014
Author:
Gema Fernández Rodríguez de Liévana
Accessed Date:
4 June 2015
Keywords:
children; crime; domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; police efficacy; social services
Title:
Survey on Violence Against Women 2015: Main Results
Source:
Spain. Ministry of Health, Social Services, and Equality.
Accessed Date:
24 May 2017
Title:
Spain. Wave Report 2015. Compilation of Country Profiles.
Source:
Women Against Violence Europe
Date of Document:
July 2016
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
Spain. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe. 6th Edition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
May 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Spain. 2017 OSAC Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
3 February 2017
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Spain (Tier 1). Trafficking in Persons Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
28 June 2017
Title:
Spain. Country Reports on Terrorism 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2016
Accessed Date:
24 June 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; crime; extremist/terrorist organizations; legal system; legislation; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; religion; transport infrastructure
Title:
Spain. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2017, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
Spain. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2017, Volume II: Money Laundering and Financial Crimes.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
From illegal markets to legitimate businesses: the portfolio of organised crime in Europe. Final Report of Project OCP – Organised Crime Portfolio.
Source:
Joint Research Centre on Transnational Crime
Page Numbers:
126-133, 202-209, 240-241
Editor:
Ernesto U. Savona, Michele Riccardi
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Spain. Hate Crime Reporting.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Corruption prevention in respect of members of parliament, judges and prosecutors. Compliance Report: Spain.
Source:
Council of Europe. Group of States against Corruption.
Date of Document:
1 July 2016
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Spain. WJP Rule of Law Index 2016.
Source:
World Justice Project
Accessed Date:
28 June 2017
Title:
Concluding observations on the sixth periodic report of Spain
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
29 May 2015
Accessed Date:
24 June 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces complaints; political activities; rejected asylum seekers; torture
Title:
National Report Spain. Mapping the legislation and assessing the impact of Protection Orders in the European Member States (POEMS).
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
Spain. Freedom of the Press 2016.
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Spain. International Religious Freedom Report for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Islamophobia in Spain: National Report 2015. European Islamophobia Report 2015.
Source:
SETA : Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research
Author:
Alfonso Casani Herranz
Editor:
Enes Bayrakl; Farid Hafez
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Factsheet on the Situation of Roma in Spain
Source:
European Roma and Travellers Forum
Date of Document:
January 2016
Accessed Date:
6 May 2016
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; freedom of expression; institutional efficacy; labour; legislation; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces complaints; political activities; statistics
Title:
Spain. Roma Inclusion Index 2015.
Source:
Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat Foundation
Date of Document:
September 2015
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
The European Union and Roma – Factsheet: Spain
Source:
European Commission
Date of Document:
4 April 2014
Accessed Date:
18 November 2014
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; minorities; race; social services; statistics
Title:
Ethnic profiling in Spain: a generalized and unresolved police practice. Submission for the Fifth Report on Spain by the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI).
Source:
Rights International Spain
Date of Document:
May 2017
Accessed Date:
30 June 2017
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
European Union: Application of the Protocol on Asylum for Nationals of Member States of the European Union (2013-June 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 July 2015
Accessed Date:
31 July 2015
Keywords:
citizenship; freedom of movement; identity documents; legislation; political activities; statistics
Title:
European Union: Freedom of movement, residency and social security regulations for European Union (EU) nationals who move to other EU countries; the situation of Czech, Hungarian, and Slovak nationals who move to other EU countries, including...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 July 2015
Accessed Date:
31 July 2015
Keywords:
citizenship; freedom of movement; identity documents; legislation; political activities; statistics
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated :
Title:
Spain. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
3 March 2017
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2016&dlid=265476
Accessed Date:
7 March 2017
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.