National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 June 2021
DJIBOUTI
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
December 2011
Accessed Date:
7 June 2018
Title:
Éthiopie - Djibouti. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
6 November 2012
Title:
Djibouti. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
1 June 2021
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Title:
Djibouti. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
23 December 2015
Accessed Date:
20 April 2016
Source:
World Food Programme. Logistics Cluster.
Date of Document:
18 January 2016
Accessed Date:
7 June 2018
Title:
BTI 2020 Country Report — Djibouti
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
Djibouti. Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2019.
Source:
United States. Social Security Administration.
Date of Document:
September 2019
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Title:
Présentation de Djibouti
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
24 May 2019
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
3 June 2021
Author:
Lauren Ploch Blanchard; Sarah R. Collins
Accessed Date:
23 June 2021
Title:
Djibouti. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
30 March 2021
Accessed Date:
22 April 2021
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Djibouti
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/DJI/1
Date of Document:
5 March 2018
Accessed Date:
22 June 2018
Title:
Djibouti. Freedom in the World 2020.
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
Djibouti. Joint Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review. 30th Session of the UPR Working Group.
Source:
World Alliance for Citizen Participation; East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defenders Project; International Federation of Human Rights
Date of Document:
12 October 2017
Accessed Date:
7 June 2018
Title:
Compilation on Djibouti
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/DJI/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
1 March 2018
Accessed Date:
22 June 2018
Title:
Treatment of political dissidents, journalists and defenders of freedom of the press by the authorities (2016-May 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 June 2017
Accessed Date:
17 July 2017
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Djibouti
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/DJI/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
19 February 2018
Accessed Date:
22 June 2018
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Loi n°79/AN/04/5ème L Portant Code de la Nationalité Djiboutienne
Accessed Date:
6 November 2012
Title:
Djibouti. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Title:
Appearance and information found on a sharia marriage certificate (acte charien de mariage), including language used; whether a signature of the spouses and witnesses is required for the document to be valid (2017-April 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 April 2018
Accessed Date:
21 June 2018
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a passport, including circumstances under which consent is required by another adult; information on the significance of the field marked 'domicile'; appearance of regular passports and identity cards...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 April 2017
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
Title:
Requirements and procedure to follow to obtain a national identity card, including identity documents required, the authorities who issue them, the validity period and the circumstances in which they are used in Djibouti (2014-June 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
Title:
Djibouti and Somalia: Whether Djiboutian passports are issued to Somaliland government officials to facilitate their travel; whether such passports give the bearer citizenship rights or residence rights in Djibouti (2011-October 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 October 2016
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
Title:
Driver's licences, including the authorities that issue them, their validity period, and the requirements and procedure for obtaining one (2014-July 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 September 2016
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Djibouti. National Assembly.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
7 June 2018
Accessed Date:
22 June 2018
Title:
The Opposition Youth Movement (Mouvement des jeunes de l'opposition, MJO); leaders, including presidents since 2011; documents submitted to members; ties to other opposition parties; treatment of members by the authorities; representation abroad...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 August 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2018
Title:
The Union for National Salvation (Union pour le salut national, USN) coalition, including the political parties in the union, its objectives and activities; treatment of USN members and supporters by the authorities (2015-June 2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 June 2019
Accessed Date:
14 June 2019
Title:
Treatment of members of the Union for National Salvation (Union pour le salut national, USN) coalition; framework agreement signed in December 2014 between the government and the USN (March 2014-May 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 June 2015
Accessed Date:
26 June 2015
Title:
Treatment of members of the Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development (Mouvement pour le renouveau démocratique et le développement, MRD) by authorities, particularly since the position taken by the party against the framework agreement...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
8 July 2015
Accessed Date:
20 June 2016
Title:
Canada and Djibouti: Representation of the Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development (Mouvement pour le renouveau démocratique et le développement - MRD) in North America, including its presidents since 2005; whether MRD representation...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 January 2018
Accessed Date:
28 June 2018
Title:
An example of a Union for Democracy and Justice (Union pour la démocratie et la justice, UDJ) membership card (January 2015-January 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 January 2016
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
Title:
Mission d'Observation Electorale de l'Union Africaine pour l'Election Presidentielle en République de Djibouti. Rapport Final.
Date of Document:
22 December 2017
Accessed Date:
7 June 2018
Title:
Djibouti. Point général sur la situation politique : Gouvernement, opposition et clanisme.
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
10 April 2018
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Domestic violence, including prevalence and legislation; protection provided to victims by the state and civil society (2013-May 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 June 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
Treatment of women who are single, divorced or who live alone, including access to housing, employment and social services; support services provided by the government, including the possibility of financial assistance from the state (2014-May 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 June 2017
Accessed Date:
26 June 2017
Title:
Forced marriage, including the frequency; the consequences of refusing such a marriage, including for the parents of minors whom their grandparents want to marry by force; recourse available to parents; state protection available (2015-April 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 May 2017
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
Title:
Correction to DJI105514.FE of 10 June 2016 on the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM), including the legislation prohibiting the practice, state intervention and the prevalence among the general population, the Midgan [Gaboye] and other...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 November 2017
Accessed Date:
14 November 2017
Title:
How a woman may obtain a divorce without the consent of her husband; whether a divorced woman may remarry under Sharia law, including whether the Sharia marriage certificate must mention the divorce (2010-August 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 August 2015
Accessed Date:
8 June 2016
Title:
Requirements and procedures for an adult female to travel inside and outside the country, including whether the female's marital status influences the process; whether females require the authorisation or support from a male member of her family...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 April 2017
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
Title:
Djibouti. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
7 June 2019
Title:
Djibouti: The Law and FGM
Date of Document:
July 2018
Accessed Date:
7 June 2019
Title:
Djibouti. 2019 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor.
Source:
United States. Bureau of International Labor Affairs.
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Title:
Djibouti. Accelerating Change: UNFPA-UNICEF Joint Programme on the Elimination of Female Genital Mutilation Annual Report 2018.
Source:
United Nations Population Fund; United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
August 2019
Accessed Date:
12 June 2020
6.
Sexual Minorities - (No items in this section)
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Djibouti: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
25 June 2020
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Title:
Djibouti. 2020 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
21 April 2020
Accessed Date:
5 June 2020
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Summonses issued by police authorities, including their content and appearance as well as the procedure for issuing them; the possibility of receiving a false summons
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
12 September 2014
Accessed Date:
26 June 2015
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
One journalist in hiding, 2 others detained over protest coverage in Djibouti
Source:
Committee to Protect Journalists
Date of Document:
17 June 2020
Accessed Date:
22 June 2020
Title:
Djibouti. International Religious Freedom Report for 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
12 May 2021
Accessed Date:
22 June 2021
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Situation of members of the Madhiban caste, including treatment by society and authorities; state protection and services (2003-October 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 October 2013
Accessed Date:
29 May 2014
Title:
Treatment of members of the Gadabuursi tribe by society and the authorities; treatment of failed asylum seekers and returnees by society and the authorities (2009-April 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
27 May 2013
Accessed Date:
29 May 2014
Title:
The situation of the Al-Akhdam [Akhdam, Achdam, Muhamasheen, Al-Muhamasheen] minority, including the treatment of its members by society and the authorities (2013-December 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
30 December 2014
Accessed Date:
26 June 2015
Title:
Treatment of the Afar by society and the authorities, including treatment of Afar army members (2010-March 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 April 2017
Accessed Date:
9 June 2017
Title:
Djibouti: Treatment of members of the Issa Furlaba [Foulaba, Furlabeh] Dulcaad [Dulqaad] tribe by authorities (2015-May 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
31 May 2017
Accessed Date:
28 June 2018
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined initial and second periodic reports of Djibouti
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
15 September 2017
Accessed Date:
7 June 2018
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Airport security screening procedures for passengers departing on international flights, including whether a person wanted by the authorities can leave the country (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 March 2018
Accessed Date:
21 June 2018
Title:
Impact of COVID-19 Movement Restrictions on Migrants along the Eastern Corridor (May 2021)
Source:
International Organisation for Migration
Date of Document:
22 June 2021
Accessed Date:
22 June 2021
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 23 April 2021:
Title:
Djibouti. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
16 June 2020
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html
Accessed Date:
24 June 2020
Title:
Djibouti. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Djibouti.html
Accessed Date:
22 June 2020
Title:
Djibouti: 2018 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
Source:
United States. Bureau of International Labor Affairs.
URL:
https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ILAB/child_labor_reports/tda2018/Djibouti.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 June 2020
Title:
Djibouti: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 June 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-trafficking-in-persons-report-2/djibouti/
Accessed Date:
26 June 2019
Title:
Djibouti. International Religious Freedom Report for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 June 2020
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-report-on-international-religious-freedom/djibouti/
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
Djibouti. Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2019.
Source:
United States. Social Security Administration.
Date of Document:
September 2019
URL:
https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssptw/2018-2019/africa/djibouti.html
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Title:
Présentation de Djibouti
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
24 May 2019
URL:
https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/djibouti/presentation-de-djibouti/
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
3 June 2021
Author:
Lauren Ploch Blanchard; Sarah R. Collins
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11303
Accessed Date:
23 June 2021
Title:
Djibouti. Point général sur la situation politique : Gouvernement, opposition et clanisme.
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
10 April 2018
URL:
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/2.didr_djibouti_point_general_sur_la_situation_politique_ofpra_10042018.pdf
Accessed Date:
9 June 2021
Title:
Impact of COVID-19 Movement Restrictions on Migrants along the Eastern Corridor (May 2021)
Source:
International Organisation for Migration
Date of Document:
22 June 2021
URL:
https://displacement.iom.int/system/tdf/reports/IOM_Eastern%20Corridor%20Migrant%20Situation_31052021.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=11759
Accessed Date:
22 June 2021
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
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NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
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The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.