National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 March 2020
MAURITANIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
3 October 2012
Title:
Mauritanie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
8 July 2016
Title:
Mauritania. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
10 July 2019
Accessed Date:
24 July 2019
Title:
Social Protection Country Profile: Mauritania
Code:
E/ESCWA/SDD/2016/CP.2
Source:
United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA).
Date of Document:
16 November 2016
Accessed Date:
8 July 2019
Title:
Mauritanie: Lutter Contre la Chronicité
Source:
UN Country Team in Mauritania
Date of Document:
April 2019
Accessed Date:
8 July 2019
Title:
Mauritania. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
Accessed Date:
17 March 2020
Title:
Mauritania. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
Accessed Date:
10 July 2018
Title:
Mauritania. Freedom in the World 2019.
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Ethnicity, Discrimination, and Other Red Lines: Repression of Human Rights Defenders in Mauritania
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
12 February 2018
Accessed Date:
10 July 2018
Title:
Rapport de mission en République Islamique de Mauritanie
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
March 2014
Accessed Date:
13 August 2015
Keywords:
citizenship; country overview; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; female genital mutilation; femicide; freedom of movement; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; indigenous groups; labour; legislation; map; minorities; race; rejected asylum seekers; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons; tribes/clans
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 19 of the Convention. Second periodic reports of States parties due in 2017: Mauritania.
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
20 February 2017
Accessed Date:
11 July 2017
Title:
Concluding observations on the second periodic report of Mauritania
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
4 September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Mauritania: 'A Sword Hanging over Our Heads': The Repression of Activists Speaking out against Discrimination and Slavery in Mauritania
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 March 2018
Accessed Date:
10 July 2018
Title:
Mauritania. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Mauritania. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Loi No 1961-112, Loi portant code de la nationalité mauritanienne
Accessed Date:
3 October 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; legislation
Title:
National identity documents in use in Mauritania, including the passport, identity card, birth certificate and marriage certificate; description of those documents and procedures for obtaining them (2012-July 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 August 2015
Accessed Date:
25 August 2015
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Loi No 2010 - 023 du 11 février 2010 abrogeant et remplaçant certaines dispositions de la loi 61 - 112 du 12 juin 1961 portant code de la Nationalité Mauritanienne
Accessed Date:
31 July 2013
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Islamic Republic of Mauritania. Election for Al Jamiya al Wataniya (National Assembly) of 1 September 2018.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Mauritania's Precarious Stability and Islamist Undercurrent
Source:
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Date of Document:
11 February 2016
Accessed Date:
29 June 2016
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; minorities; nationality; political activities; political opposition; race
Title:
Islamic Republic of Mauritania. Election for President of 22 June 2019.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
18 July 2019
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Mauritania.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
10 July 2018
Title:
Élaboration d'une Cartographie Fonctionnelle et Dynamique (Mapping) de la Société Civile en Mauritanie entre le 10ème et 11ème Fed. Contrat Cadre No. 2015/368831. Cartographie des OSC.
Code:
EuropeAid/132633/C/SER/multi
Source:
International Consulting Expertise
Date of Document:
April 2016
Author:
Stefano Verdecchia et al.
Accessed Date:
21 June 2017
Title:
Mission d'observation électorale de l'union africaine aux élections législatives régionales et municipales du 1er septembre 2018 en république islamique de Mauritanie déclaration préliminaire
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Prevalence of forced marriage and its legal status; state protection; whether a woman can refuse a forced marriage (2015-July 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 July 2017
Accessed Date:
31 July 2017
Title:
Mauritania. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Les mariages forcés en Mauritanie
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
22 February 2017
Accessed Date:
10 July 2018
Title:
Submission to the United Nations Committee of the United Nations' Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC): Islamic Republic of Mauritania.
Source:
Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO); Sahel Foundation
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Les cérémonies matrimoniales en Mauritanie entre rituels immuables et diversité culturelle
Date of Document:
10 May 2017
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
“They Told Me to Keep Quiet”: Obstacles to Justice and Remedy for Sexual Assault Survivors in Mauritania
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
5 September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Basic Profile of Child Marriage in Mauritania
Date of Document:
March 2016
Author:
Chata Male; Quentin T. Wodon
Accessed Date:
21 June 2017
Title:
Mauritania. Overview Of Muslim Family Laws & Practices.
Date of Document:
31 May 2017
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Mauritanie : Les mutilations génitales féminines (MGF) en Mauritanie.
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
2 February 2017
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Mauritania: The Law And FGM
Source:
28 Too Many; Thomson Reuters Foundation
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
The treatment of sexual minorities by society and the authorities, including laws, state protection and support services (2015-July 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 July 2017
Accessed Date:
26 July 2017
Title:
Mauritania. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2019.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
March 2019
Author:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Mauritania: Tier 3. Trafficking in Persons Report 2019
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 June 2019
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Military service, including whether it is compulsory; potential consequences if a person evades military service (2012-July 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 July 2013
Accessed Date:
29 July 2014
Keywords:
legislation; marriage; military service
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment on his mission to Mauritania
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
13 December 2016
Accessed Date:
21 June 2017
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
Liberté d'expression : La Mauritanie face à ses engagements
Source:
Association Mauritanienne des Droits de l'Homme
Accessed Date:
21 June 2017
Title:
Mauritania. International Religious Freedom Report for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
21 June 2019
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Mauritania. The Freedom of Thought Report 2018
Source:
International Humanist and Ethical Union
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Mauritania. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
April 2018
Accessed Date:
10 July 2018
Title:
Still Far From Freedom: The Struggle of Mauritania's Haratine Women
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
4 May 2015
Accessed Date:
29 June 2016
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; gender equality; legislation; minorities; tribes/clans
Title:
IV. Specific issues. Report of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights on his mission to Mauritania.
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
8 March 2017
Accessed Date:
23 June 2017
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined eighth to fourteenth periodic reports of Mauritania
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
30 May 2018
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
The Wolof ethnic group, including characteristics and location; treatment by society and authorities; availability of state protection (2016-November 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 November 2018
Accessed Date:
22 July 2019
Title:
The Moulamines (blacksmiths), including their unique characteristics and their location; treatment of the Moulamines by society and the authorities; consequences of a marriage to a person of a noble caste; protection available (2014-February 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 February 2018
Accessed Date:
19 July 2018
Title:
Mauritania: Submission to the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
29 March 2018
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Mauritania. Country Reports : Displaced and Disconnected.
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
April 2019
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
Title:
Rapport De Profilage Socio-Économique Des Ménages Réfugiés Du Camp De Mbera Mauritanie
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees et al.
Date of Document:
11 February 2019
Accessed Date:
9 July 2019
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions
Title:
Enforcing Mauritania's Anti-Slavery Legislation: The Continued Failure of the Justice System to Prevent, Protect and Punish
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
4 October 2015
Accessed Date:
29 June 2016
Keywords:
children; citizenship; ethnic and national groups; freedom of movement; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; minorities; organized crime; religion; social services; statistics
Title:
Mauritania. Global Slavery Index 2016.
Source:
Walk Free Foundation
Accessed Date:
11 July 2017
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 July 2019:
Title:
Mauritania. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 March 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/mauritania/
Accessed Date:
18 March 2019
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.